Is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics a Fundamental Law or a Statistical Principle?

[Pushoam]

Homework Statement

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution

I think the correct option is (a) and (d) from the book reading.About the option (c), the second law of thermodynamics tells us the direction of heat flow. I think it is a fundamental law, it could not be derived.

 

[DrClaude]

For (a) and (d), can you explain your reasoning?

Concerning (c), indeed conservation of energy, which is the 1st law, doesn't imply the 2nd law. But actually, the 2nd law is not a fundamental law, but it is a statistical principle (more probable events are happen more frequently).