Minimum Electrical Potential Difference required to stop Alpha particle

AI Thread Summary
The discussion revolves around calculating the minimum electric potential difference required to stop an alpha particle emitted during the decay of plutonium-239 into uranium-235. The stopping voltage is derived using the formula Vstopping = mv²/2q, where the mass of the alpha particle and its velocity are determined through conservation of momentum. Initial calculations yielded a stopping potential of 2.45 x 10^-8 V, which was later corrected to 2.46 x 10^6 V. Participants express uncertainty about their methods and seek confirmation on the accuracy of their results. The conversation highlights the importance of proper application of physics principles in solving the problem.
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Homework Statement



A plutonium-239 nucleus, initially at rest, undergoes alpha decay to produce a uranium-235 nucleus. The uranium-235 nucleus has a mass of 3.90 x 10-25 kg, and moves away from the location of the decay with a speed of 2.62 x 105 m/s.
Determine the minimum electric potential difference that is required to bring the alpha particle to rest.

Homework Equations



From the question, is "the minimum electric potential difference...required to bring the alpha particle to rest" the stopping voltage of the alpha particle?

If this is the case, the formula would be
Vstopping = Ekmax/q
Vstopping = (1/2mv2)/2
Vstopping = mv2/2q

The Attempt at a Solution



(239/94)Pu --> (235/92)U + (4/2)He

According to conservation of momentum, the alpha particle's momentum must exactly counteract that of the uranium nucleus, as the initial momentum of the system was zero.
Since we know the mass and velocity of the uranium nucleus, its' momentum (p=mv) is:
1.0218 x 10-19 kgm/s

Therefore, the momentum of the alpha particle must be negative this amount.
Knowing the mass of the alpha particle to be 6.65 x 10-27 kg (from data sheet), velocity of the alpha particle (v = p/m) is -1.54 x 107 m/s. Also from the data sheet is the charge (q) of the alpha particle, +2e, or 3.2 x 10-19 C.

Using the stopping potential formula given above, the Vstopping of the alpha particle is:
mv2/2q
(6.65 x 10-27 kg)(-1.54 x 107 m/s)2 / 2(3.2 x 10-19 C)
= 2.45 x 10-8 V

I am very uncertain of this result, and I don't have the luxury of knowing the correct answer. I think my approach may be flawed - should I be using E = mc2 rather than stopping potential?

Any help will be greatly appreciated! Thanks! :cool:
 
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(6.65 x 10^-27 kg)(-1.54 x 10^7 m/s)2 / 2(3.2 x 10^-19 C)
= 2.45 x 10-8 V

Check this calculation.
 
Oops...Thank you! Answer has been changed to 2.46 x 10^6 V.
 
I'm having the exact same problem. Lemme guess, Physics 30 correspondance? https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=461837

I did it the other way though, so any answer on which is a more accurate answer would be appreciated, although clarence.p's seems to make more logical sense seeing the final result.
 
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