Need to find dense liquid at room temperature

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the feasibility of finding or creating a dense liquid, specifically targeting densities around 4000 kg per cubic meter at room temperature or lower. Participants explore various options for dense liquids that are safe, cost-effective, and suitable for large-scale production, while expressing concerns about toxicity and practicality.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about the possibility of using iodine as a dense liquid and questions its safety and ease of production.
  • Another participant asserts that iodine is a metal at room temperature, prompting further exploration of its properties.
  • A participant expresses interest in producing large quantities of iodine for a project requiring a heavy liquid that can cycle like water.
  • Cesium formate is suggested as a potential solution due to its high density, but concerns are raised about its cost and toxicity.
  • Another participant mentions sodium formate, noting its lower density compared to cesium formate and asks about its production and cost.
  • Potassium formate brine is introduced as a cheaper alternative with a density of 1.57.
  • A participant discusses barite (barium sulfate) as a commonly used drilling fluid, highlighting its density and the need for specialized storage and transport due to its weight.
  • Indium-gallium eutectic is mentioned as a dense liquid with a density above 6, though it is noted to be expensive.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints on the feasibility and safety of different dense liquids, with no consensus reached on a single solution. Multiple competing options and concerns about cost and toxicity remain unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations regarding the toxicity and cost of potential dense liquids, as well as the challenges associated with large-scale production and transportation of such materials.

gloo
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I want to know how easy it is to find or make a really dense liquid...perhaps 4000 kg per cubic meter at room temperature or lower. I need it to be easily made so that it can fill huge a huge volume like thousands of cubic meters. Is this even possible? Mercury is too dangerous and scarce; many others listed seem extremely toxic. How about Iodine? Is it easy to make and is it safe in containers?

Thanks
 
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Iodine is a metal at room temperature.
 
How hard is it to make Iodine in large large quantities...like if I wanted to make like a ship load worth? I am working on an idea that requires a heavy liquid that could weigh down something but is liquid enough to cycle up and down like a liquid (i.e. water). Is it possible to make a liquid compound that is 2000 to 4000 kg per cubic meter that is cheap, safe, easily made?
 
The only thing I can think of is a solution of Cesium formate. It is used in oil industry due to its high density >2kg/l.
http://www.rockwoodlithium.com/pdf/423557.pdf

Anything more dense is highly toxic, corrosive and more expensive.
 
DrDu said:
The only thing I can think of is a solution of Cesium formate. It is used in oil industry due to its high density >2kg/l.
http://www.rockwoodlithium.com/pdf/423557.pdf

Anything more dense is highly toxic, corrosive and more expensive.
I read that Cesium formate is really expsensive...like 4000 bucks per barrel? So making a ship load would cost billions I am assuming? Is it easily made?
 
DrDu said:
The only thing I can think of is a solution of Cesium formate. It is used in oil industry due to its high density >2kg/l.
http://www.rockwoodlithium.com/pdf/423557.pdf

Anything more dense is highly toxic, corrosive and more expensive.
How about Sodium Formate? It says that the density is like 1920kg per cubic meter. Is that easy to make and can you comment on the cost of that versus Cesium Formate?
 
The density of sodium formate solution is only 1.38
 
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Potassium Formate Brine 1.57, but dirt cheap in comparison with Cesium formate.
 
Last edited:
gloo said:
I want to know how easy it is to find or make a really dense liquid...perhaps 4000 kg per cubic meter at room temperature or lower. I need it to be easily made so that it can fill huge a huge volume like thousands of cubic meters. Is this even possible? Mercury is too dangerous and scarce; many others listed seem extremely toxic. How about Iodine? Is it easy to make and is it safe in containers?

Thanks
Making a ship load of anything is going to be expensive.

The densest drilling fluid which is used commonly and is relatively non-toxic is barite, or barium sulfate (BaSO4). Barite is typically added to water or diesel fuel to form a liquid mixture known as drilling mud. Since barite is not particularly soluble in water or oil, the drilling mud mixture must be constantly agitated to keep the barite from separating from the rest of the liquid.

Liquid drilling mud is typically prepared and shipped at a max. specific gravity of 2.2, although mixtures with lower S.G. have been used. In any event, the tanks which are used to store this material during shipment are specially reinforced to handle the higher S.G.

Just for giggles, why do you need a ship load of dense liquid? And, by the way, because this liquid will be so dense (S.G. = 4.0), you won't be able to use just any old ship to transport it. It will require a ship with cargo tanks which have highly reinforced structure to keep from collapsing when filled with this dense product.

What money you save in purchasing materials to make this fluid will likely be consumed in outfitting a special vessel to carry it.
 

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