Planetary Motion,Feynman Lectures

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the path of a planet around the sun using Newton's laws of dynamics, specifically referencing Feynman's Lectures on Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 9, Section 9-7. The initial conditions set by Feynman include x=0.5, y=0, v(x)=0, v(y)=1.63, and e=0.1. Participants analyze the significance of the value 1.63 for v(y), concluding that it is critical for forming a perfect elliptical orbit. The value of v(y) is shown to depend on the initial x value, with a decrease in x leading to a decrease in the required v(y) for stable motion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of dynamics
  • Familiarity with gravitational force equations, specifically F = -G*M*m/r^2
  • Basic knowledge of elliptical orbits and parameters such as semi-major axis (a) and semi-minor axis (b)
  • Proficiency in numerical methods for simulating planetary motion, particularly using programming languages like C++
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of orbital velocities in elliptical motion using Newton's laws
  • Learn about the conservation of angular momentum in planetary motion
  • Explore numerical integration techniques for simulating planetary orbits
  • Investigate the relationship between initial conditions and orbital stability in celestial mechanics
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, astrophysicists, and anyone interested in computational simulations of planetary motion and dynamics based on classical mechanics.

@run
Messages
1
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


This question is a part of independent study.
The problem is based on Feynman lectures volume 1,chapter 9,Newton's laws of dynamics,section 9-7 planetary motion. To compute numerically path of motion of a planet around sun using Newtons laws of kinematics and gravitation Feynman took initial conditions as x=0.5,y=0,v(x)=0,v(y)=1.63 & e=0.1.I understand that v(x)=0 and v(y) should have some value initially,but cannot understand why he take the value 1.63 for v(y) and how he computed 1.63.

Homework Equations



F = -G*M*m/r^2
r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)
x=x(0) + e* v(x) , v(x) = v(0) + e*a(x) , a(x) = -x/(r^3)
y=y(0) + e* v(y) , v(y) = v(0) + e*a(y) , a(y) = -x/(r^3)

The Attempt at a Solution



Two attempts are made
1
.x = a cos $, y = b sin $ -------(1)
v(x) = -a(d$/dt) sin $ -------(2),
v(y) = -b(d$/dt) cos $ = -(bx/a)(d$/dt)--------(3)
y = 0 means $ = 0, x=a.
so, v(y) = -b(d$/dt) = -bw
now there is a relation connecting the parameters a,b and e of an ellipse
b*b = a*a(1-e*e).
taking e = 0.8(a guss) value of b is calculated.
If I can calculate w in some way, i can get v(y). Some attempts made using the w*r^2 is conserved.
But couldn't calculate w.
2.
This attempt is made first for understanding that v(y) = 1.63 have any importance.
A simple program in c++ is made and plotted x-y graph.This analysis revealed that 1.63 have importance,then only perfect ellipse will be formed. If v(y) is taken as 0.8 planet will not revolve
around sun,the same thing happens when a value greater than 1.63 is taken ,for example 2.2
Analyis also says that the value of v(y) depend on x.When i take x=1 ,v(y) should have a value
near 1.4.This can be expect naturally because when x value changes from 0.5 to 1 the
gravitational force decreased,so less v(y) required.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
So it can be concluded that v(y) depend on initial x value. But how feynman computed the value 1.63 remain a mystery.
 

Similar threads

Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 27 ·
Replies
27
Views
3K
Replies
13
Views
4K
Replies
12
Views
2K
Replies
25
Views
1K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 38 ·
2
Replies
38
Views
4K
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
3K