Problem with understanding Babinet's principle

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In summary, the conversation discusses Babinet's principle and its implication in a simple case where light is sent through a single slit or an obstruction of the same width. The speaker questions the logic behind both patterns having destructive points on the same place, as the sum of the two patterns should result in an unobstructed wave with no destructive points. The answer lies in considering the amplitude and phase of a monochromatic wave.
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Coffee_
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I'm having some trouble with understanding Babinet's principle, which in a simple case should imply the following:

''If I send light through a single slit, then I observe a certain diffraction pattern at the screen. Now I replace the slit with a single obstruction of the same width as the slit, let's say a hair. Then, except for the central spot, the minima and maxima should be on exactly the same places as for the slit.''

This doesn't make sense to me at all. This would mean that BOTH patterns will have destructive points on the same place. The sum of the two patterns should result in the pattern that one would obtain without ANY obstruction at all. If I take the sum of the two forementioned patterns, I will still have destructive points since they were on the same place. However, an unobstructed wave should have no such destructive points.
 
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The slit by itself produces a min-max pattern. Same with the hair. So you know the sum of the two must give you a totally even illumination pattern, as you say (superposition principle).

So, what is there that could cause this paradox? Hint: a monochromatic wave comprises amplitude and phase.
 

What is Babinet's principle?

Babinet's principle is a mathematical concept that states that the diffraction pattern created by an opaque object is the same as the pattern created by a hole of the same size and shape, but with the light and dark areas reversed.

What is the problem with understanding Babinet's principle?

The main problem with understanding Babinet's principle is that it is a complex mathematical concept that can be difficult to grasp without a strong background in physics and optics.

How is Babinet's principle applied in scientific research?

Babinet's principle is often used in optics and diffraction experiments to simplify calculations and predict the diffraction patterns of objects with complex shapes. It is also used in the design of optical devices such as antennas and lenses.

What are some real-world applications of Babinet's principle?

Babinet's principle has many practical applications in fields such as astronomy, microscopy, and telecommunications. For example, it is used in the construction of radio telescopes to improve their accuracy and in the design of microscopes to reduce diffraction effects.

Are there limitations to Babinet's principle?

While Babinet's principle is a useful concept, there are some limitations to its application. For example, it only applies to objects that are small compared to the wavelength of the light being diffracted. Additionally, it does not take into account the effects of polarization and can be inaccurate for objects with sharp edges or corners.

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