Proof of Cosine law using vectors

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The proof of the cosine law using vectors demonstrates that for two vectors of lengths a and b forming an angle θ, the length of the resultant vector r is given by the formula r = √(a² + b² + 2ab cos θ). By decomposing the vectors into their x and y components, where ax = a cos θ, ay = a sin θ, bx = b cos θ, and by = b sin θ, the resultant vector's components can be calculated as rx = ax + bx and ry = ay + by. The final expression for the resultant vector is derived from the Pythagorean theorem applied to these components.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of vector decomposition
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions (sine and cosine)
  • Knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem
  • Basic algebra for manipulating equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study vector addition and subtraction techniques
  • Learn about the geometric interpretation of the cosine law
  • Explore applications of the cosine law in physics and engineering
  • Investigate the use of unit vectors in vector analysis
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics or mathematics, particularly those focusing on vector analysis and trigonometry, as well as educators looking for clear proofs of geometric principles.

Andrewlorenzo
Messages
1
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



Two vectors of lengths a and b make an angle θ with each other when placed tail to tail. Prove, by taking components along two perpendicular axes, that the length of the resultant vector is r=√(a^2+b^2+2abcos θ )

Homework Equations



Would this be correct?
How would you simplify it?:rolleyes:

The Attempt at a Solution


So ax = acos θ , bx = bcos θ , ay = asin θ , by = bsin θ. So rx = ax + bx and ry = ay + by . So r=√(r_x+r_y ) .
Which means that, √(〖[(a+b)cosθ]〗^2+〖[(a+b)sinθ]〗^2 )
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Let vector a be along x-axis and vector b makes an angle theta with x-axis.
Now take the component of b along x and y axis. Find net x component and y component and find the resultant.
 

Similar threads

Replies
14
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
10K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
12K
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K