Simple harmonic motion of a particle

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the simple harmonic motion of a particle initially positioned at 0.270m with a velocity of 0.140m/s and an acceleration of -0.320m/s². The particle undergoes constant acceleration for 4.50 seconds, after which it transitions into simple harmonic motion for the same duration. Key equations used include x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ) for position, v(t) = -ωA sin(ωt + φ) for velocity, and a(t) = -ω²A cos(ωt + φ) for acceleration. The challenge lies in determining the initial phase φ and the subsequent position and velocity at the end of the second time interval.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinematics, specifically equations of motion under constant acceleration.
  • Familiarity with simple harmonic motion concepts and equations.
  • Knowledge of angular frequency (ω) and amplitude (A) in harmonic motion.
  • Ability to manipulate trigonometric functions in the context of physics equations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the final position and velocity of the particle using kinematic equations after 4.50 seconds of constant acceleration.
  • Determine the amplitude (A) and angular frequency (ω) for the simple harmonic motion phase.
  • Explore the effects of varying the phase constant (φ) on the position and velocity equations.
  • Study the relationship between period (T) and frequency (f) in simple harmonic motion.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as educators seeking to explain concepts of simple harmonic motion and kinematics.

~christina~
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Homework Statement



A particle moves along x-axis It is initially at 0.270m moving with velocity of 0.140m/s
and acceleration of -0.320m/s^2
Suppose it moves with constant acceleration for 4.50s.

Find it's:
a) position and velocity at end of time interval

next assume it moves with simple harmonic motin for 4.50s and x= 0 is it's equillibrium position.

Find it's:

b) position and velocity at end of this time interval

Homework Equations


[tex]x(t)= A cos (\omega t + \phi )[/tex]
[tex]v(t)= - \omega A sin (\omega t + \phi )[/tex]
[tex]a(t)= - \omega ^2 A cos (\omega t + \phi)[/tex]


The Attempt at a Solution



well I know for the first situation that:

[tex]x_o[/tex]= 0.270
[tex]v_o[/tex]= 0.140m/s
[tex]a_o[/tex]= -0.320m/s^2

and the acceration remain constant for 4.50s

to find a) the postiion and velocity at end of time interval...

I was thinking that I would take the period (T) to equal T= 4.50s?
and would I use 4.51 seconds and use the velocity as a function of time equation

[tex]v(t)= - \omega A sin (\omega t + \phi )[/tex]

though I need the [tex]\phi[/tex]...hm..

and I think I'm lost here.

can someone Please help me out with this?
 
Last edited:
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so, a) it's no problem as is an 1 dimension problem, with movement equations...

about b), it's a whole new problem:
you will need to know the position and velocity at [tex]t_0=4.50[/tex]
so, you can write: [tex]t_1=0[/tex] at [tex]x_1=0[/tex](equilibrium point)
by a), you calculated velocity at [tex]t_0[/tex], so, it's the particles velocity at [tex]t_1[/tex]

I guess this should help...
 
Last edited:

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