To determine the final temperature of the watermelon submerged in icy water, the energy exchange must be analyzed using the equation Q = mcT, where c represents the specific heat capacity of water. The energy lost by the watermelon as it cools down will equal the energy gained by the water as it warms up. Given that the watermelon weighs 25 pounds and starts at 29.4 degrees C, while the water is at 0 degrees C, the setup involves calculating the heat transfer between the two. The problem emphasizes the importance of setting up the equations correctly rather than simply providing the answer. Understanding the principles of energy conservation is key to solving this type of thermal equilibrium problem.