Using Newton's 2nd Law to find acceleration

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on applying Newton's second law to determine the acceleration of a snowboarder on an incline and a flat surface. The snowboarder, weighing 75 kg, starts with an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s on a 28-degree incline, where the coefficient of kinetic friction is μk = 0.18. The calculated acceleration on the incline is 3.04 m/s² using the formula a = 9.8sin(28) - (0.18)(9.8)cos(28). The discussion also clarifies that the flat surface can be treated as an incline with a 0-degree angle, simplifying the calculations for acceleration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law (F_net = ma)
  • Basic knowledge of trigonometry, particularly sine and cosine functions
  • Familiarity with the concept of kinetic friction and its coefficients
  • Ability to draw and interpret free body diagrams
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the effects of different coefficients of kinetic friction on acceleration
  • Learn how to calculate energy dissipation during motion on flat surfaces
  • Study the application of Newton's laws in various real-world scenarios
  • Investigate the relationship between incline angles and acceleration in physics
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators looking for practical examples of Newton's laws in action.

PerpetuallyConfused
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So this is my first time posting on here and I hope I'm doing right!

1. Homework Statement

A 75-kg snowboarder has an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s at the top of a 28 ∘ incline. After sliding down the 110-mlong incline (on which the coefficient of kinetic friction is μk = 0.18), the snowboarder has attained a velocity v. The snowboarder then slides along a flat surface (on which μk = 0.15) and comes to rest after a distance x.

Use Newton's second law to find the snowboarder's acceleration while on the incline and while on the flat surface.

Homework Equations


F_net = ma

The Attempt at a Solution


I already drew a free body diagram when the snowboarder is on the incline with the normal force perpendicular to the slope, the force of gravity is pointing downwards, and the force of kinetic friction is pointing parallel to the slope. I know I need to use F_net = ma but I'm still very confused on how to set it up. I'm also having trouble deciding the coordinate system to use and how it relates to finding F_net.
 
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PerpetuallyConfused said:
So this is my first time posting on here and I hope I'm doing right!

1. Homework Statement

A 75-kg snowboarder has an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s at the top of a 28 ∘ incline. After sliding down the 110-mlong incline (on which the coefficient of kinetic friction is μk = 0.18), the snowboarder has attained a velocity v. The snowboarder then slides along a flat surface (on which μk = 0.15) and comes to rest after a distance x.

Use Newton's second law to find the snowboarder's acceleration while on the incline and while on the flat surface.

Homework Equations


F_net = ma

The Attempt at a Solution


I already drew a free body diagram when the snowboarder is on the incline with the normal force perpendicular to the slope, the force of gravity is pointing downwards, and the force of kinetic friction is pointing parallel to the slope. I know I need to use F_net = ma but I'm still very confused on how to set it up. I'm also having trouble deciding the coordinate system to use and how it relates to finding F_net.

It sounds like you have set it up. What do you have for the forces on the snowboarder? Can you calculate those?

You don't need a coordinate system as such.
 
PeroK said:
It sounds like you have set it up. What do you have for the forces on the snowboarder? Can you calculate those?

You don't need a coordinate system as such.
Ok, I actually figured out how to find the acceleration while on the incline.
It was a = 9.8sin(28) - (0.18)(9.8)cos(28) which equaled 3.04 m/s^2

But now I'm having trouble figuring out how to find the acceleration while on a flat surface.
 
You don't necessarily need the acceleration on the flat. At the bottom he will have some velocity or energy that gets dissipated as he slows down.
 
PerpetuallyConfused said:
Ok, I actually figured out how to find the acceleration while on the incline.
It was a = 9.8sin(28) - (0.18)(9.8)cos(28) which equaled 3.04 m/s^2

But now I'm having trouble figuring out how to find the acceleration while on a flat surface.

Isn't the flat surface easier?

In fact, isn't a flat surface just an incline with an angle of 0?
 
PeroK said:
Isn't the flat surface easier?

In fact, isn't a flat surface just an incline with an angle of 0?

Ah, yes. That makes sense haha. I got the right answer. Thanks for your help!
 

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