Magnetism is a force that objects with magnetic fields exert on each other. It is also a physical phenomenon caused by the motion of electric charges, such as electrons. Magnetism can also refer to the property of certain materials that are attracted to magnets and can be magnetized themselves.
Magnetism is caused by the alignment of tiny magnetic fields within a material. These tiny magnetic fields are created by the motion of electric charges, such as electrons, within the material. When these tiny magnetic fields are aligned, they create a larger magnetic field that can attract or repel other magnetic objects.
A magnet is a material that produces its own magnetic field, while an electromagnet is a coil of wire that produces a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it. The strength of an electromagnet can be changed by varying the amount of current flowing through the wire, while the strength of a magnet is fixed.
Magnetism and electricity are closely related through the concept of electromagnetism. A changing electric field creates a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field creates an electric field. This relationship is described by Maxwell's equations and is the basis for many technologies, such as electric motors and generators.
Magnetism is used in a variety of everyday objects and technologies. Some common uses include electric motors, generators, speakers, MRI machines, and compasses. Magnetism is also used in data storage, such as in hard drives, and in power generation, such as in hydroelectric dams.