What is Circuit: Definition and 1000 Discussions

A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after a fault is detected. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation.
Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect low-current circuits or individual household appliance, up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city. The generic function of a circuit breaker, or fuse, as an automatic means of removing power from a faulty system is often abbreviated as OCPD (Over Current Protection Device).

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  1. patric44

    Power dissipated in this circuit with 2 batteries and 3 resistors

    Hi guys I am struggling to find the power dissipated in the total circuit , my answer didn't match the solution in the book the circuit is simple i used Kirchhoffs rules to find the following : loop 1 : $$10-10I_{1}-40I_{3} = 0$$ loop 2: $$20-20I_{2}-40I_{3} = 0$$ and $$ I_{1}+I_{2}=I_{3}$$...
  2. guyvsdcsniper

    Trouble finding the current through this resistor in the circuit

    I was following this problem up until they say we can they state I3= I1-I2. I understand why we can say that but I don't see how I can use that to get the system of equation in terms of I1 and I2 at the bottom. Could someone show me how this was done?
  3. N

    Engineering Help with triple piston circuit

    HI! everyone :) in today's electronics class the teacher asked us to make a simultaneous circuit of 3 pistons, with ladder language. What am I supposed to do: Upon energizing the circuit, they should expand one piston after the other; from A to C. When piston C expands, it should return to...
  4. Rx7man

    Eddy current position sensor circuit

    I started a project, and where I thought I has a potentiometer position feedback, best I can tell I have an eddy current position sensor, which I'm absolutely not familiar with The application is a diesel engine injector pump (retrofitting to a different engine, it was from a Komatsu V12, no, I...
  5. A

    Find the equivalent resistance of this 5-resistor circuit

    I have a question about an exercise I don't understand, I don't want the solution, only the first element to begin. I have tried with kirchhoff law, but I failed. thanks
  6. F

    Engineering Transform question about this circuit

    I Normally can solve these but when Vo is embeded into the circuit, is throwing me for a loop (no pun is intended). My question is, if I apply Kirchoff's voltage law: VR+VC+VL-Vi=0, I'm not quite sure how this would be set up when Vo is between R1R2 & C1C2? I believe this ia 4 Loop circuit: I1 =...
  7. song youngill

    Engineering How is (1/2)V_id expressed in this circuit?

    As you can see in the picture, 1/2vid is entered in each of Vin1 and Vin2 on the left. Assuming Vcm is 0, I need to configure this circuit with ltspice, but I am not sure how to configure this vcvs. I'd appreciate it if you could tell me how.
  8. T

    Receiver Circuit Question -- What role does this antenna capacitor play?

    Which role plays an additional capacity in a receiver circuit between the antenna and the matching-box part like in this example (found in https://www.frostburg.edu/personal/latta/ee/twinplex/schematic/twinplexschematic.html): Is it necessary for this receiver circuit or just optional? What...
  9. D

    Engineering Maximal effect in an AC circuit

    Hello again, I have a solution for the question, but as it is my first time solving these types of exercises I am uncertain if I my solution is correct. The first picture represents the exercise with the circuit and the second is the just some rewrites of the circuit, in swedish. Picture 3 and 4...
  10. M

    Engineering AC Circuit Phasors: Find I1, I2, I3

    Summary:: Hi, I tried attempting this problem in alternating current in order to find out the phasors as complex numbers, and I would be more than grateful if someone could peer review it, and confirm my calculations (Please see below both the Figure and the calculations) Please find attached...
  11. P

    Engineering Designing an Integrator Circuit with Given Absolute Gain

    For the integrator circuit, I can design the cutoff frequency and the 0dB frequency as required. Using Laplace transforms, the gain is around ##-\frac{1}{sR1C}##, where s is the complex impedance parameter. But, how do I maintain the absolute value of this gain at 10 for the whole band pass for...
  12. D

    Engineering Active and reactive effect in AC circuit

    Hi, I am once again asking for help regarding a AC circuit problem. This time I need to compute reactive and active effect for z=R2+C3 in the below circuit. I have already computed u(t) from before so that solves half of the problem. I am unsure if I have done the calculations correct, not much...
  13. D

    Engineering Alternating current circuit with transformer

    Hi, I don't understand how to solve the problem below for (a). First I transform the cirucuit to direct current problem using jw method. Now i see that U=-I2Z. Z=R2+Zc3=R2+1/jwC3=4,5+1/[j(1000)(10^-3*0,25)]. Then I use impedance transformation to get rid of the transformator(using Z0), but then...
  14. P

    I Charge in RLC circuit when starting charges are 2Q and Q

    Hi all, I understand the standard solution where charge in an RLC circuit decreases from +Q to 0, for a capacitor with starting charges +Q and -Q. May I know what the terminal charge on a capacitor in an RLC circuit is, when it’s original charges are 2Q and 0? I am thinking it will be +Q and...
  15. D

    Engineering Create the Thevevenin equivalent circuit

    Hey, I am having big issues with the following question. I have done node analysis to get the following equations 1-5 and the equation for A i have removed because it was not needed apparently. When solving the equationsystem I get that the voltage in node 1-5 is (using matlab) V =...
  16. doggy

    Electronics NPN transistor is always flickering and on

    I'm completely new in hobby electronics, and I assembled the following circuit to control a power LED over wifi using esp8266. The problem is, that it is always, on and sometimes flicker , no matter,what I send via GPIO1 port. I know that this is not an esp8266 problem, I tested my program with...
  17. np115

    How to solve for EMF and internal resistance in a circuit?

    I know the answers are 9 V and .5 ohms but I have no idea how to get there. Originally I solved for Delta V in the open circuit through (1.636)(5) which gave me 8.18V. Then, I solved for Delta V in the closed circuit through (1.565)(1/((1/5)+(1/10)) which gave me 5.51 V. I used these voltages...
  18. S

    Engineering Applying symmetry to an asymmetrical circuit

    Hello everyone, I need to solve a problem applying symmetry and superposition theorem but the problem is that the circuit is almost symetrical but has little differences in both sides (the source in the left side and the unknown impedance in the right side). I couldn't solve the problem using...
  19. G

    Circuit breakers trip on *power* overload?

    Old style electrical panels protected residential circuits with fuses which tripped (and were destroyed) when the internal wire got too hot and melted. What is it exactly that causes a modern residential circuit breaker to trip? They are rated by amps, but heat correlates to power (volts x...
  20. E

    Finding the potential difference between 2 points in a circuit

    is this method accepted? 2V is split equally between the 2 5kohms resistor because they are of equal resistance. 2V=5kohms 2kohms= 0.8V 3kohms=1.2V. p.d across P and Q= 1V-0.8V=0.2V
  21. LCSphysicist

    Signs of the voltage drops in this LC Circuit

    I have been studying electronical circuit. In general, it is not difficult and is more about to solve EDO. The main problem is, really, the signs. See as follows: $$V_{L} = L dI/dt, V_{c} = +- Q/C$$ ? Should i put a minus sign there? Or shout i maintain the signs? When do i know what sign to...
  22. I

    Cutoff frequency for this RLC circuit

    How would i find the cut of frequency of this RLC circuit .I have used LTspice to find it but what is the equation for finding it
  23. deskochan

    Finding the voltage of the circuit (resistor ladder)

    The answer is B. My question: (a) What is the basic approach to start to think about this problem: Equivalent resistance? ohm's law? (b) What is the purpose of gamma = R2/(R1+R3) because I have no idea how it uses? (c) Why the answer is an exponential drop of voltage?
  24. I

    Current in RLC Series Circuit: Need Help

    So am trying to find the current in the RLC series circuit ,but i think i have done something wrong ,if anyone could tell me where i went wrong ,it would be great ,thank you Resistor-100ohms Capacitor-0.01uF Inductor-25mH Voltage Source-50v a.c 1kHz
  25. A

    Metering a Single Phase 208 VAC Circuit

    Good day, I hope to understand how to use a 3 phase energy meter to measure single phase 208 VAC circuit. The basic idea seems simple, yet, complex meters don't seem to have this ability. Would anyone be able to describe what kind of information one would need from a digital 3 phase meter...
  26. J

    Electronics Will this electronic circuit work? (back-to-back polar capacitors)

    All I need is for someone to look at my schematic and tell me if this circuit will work. Thanks.
  27. U

    Electrical circuit problem (resistors, capacitors, inductors )

    I did try redrawing the circuit at steady state , but I'm not really sure. I have attached the circuit that I tried drawing, I assumed the branch with the capacitors to be absent at steady state since current won't flow through them anyway. With this diagram I get the correct answer for Q 19 ...
  28. cemtu

    Engineering Shunt Resistor, Grain Boundaries & Solar Cell Circuit

    In the circuit equivalent of a solar cell, shunt resistor is described as "The irregular polycrystalline lattice grain boundaries that resist to the flow of electrical current in the silicon material." If this explanation is correct, shouldn't it be "lower shunt resistance increases the current...
  29. Wrichik Basu

    Gain limiter circuit in LTspice - current flowing in wrong direction

    This is one more thread in my quest to learn simulations in LTspice. I am trying to simulate the gain limiter network shown in this video. A snapshot of the video is available for quick reference: My schematic in LTspice is shown below: For the simulation, I am using DC sweep on voltage...
  30. LarryS

    EM Waves Generated by an LC Circuit?

    I am not an electrical or electronic engineer. I am trying to understand how a simple, series LC circuit running at it's resonant frequency can generate EM waves. I believe, based on what I have read, that the frequency of the generated EM waves will be the resonant frequency of the circuit...
  31. Wrichik Basu

    What's wrong in my LTspice simulation of an Op-Amp integrator circuit?

    I am doing an online course on op-amps. The specific video I am talking about is this one (skip to 24:25). Here, the professor has derived the expression of the op-amp integrator circuit, and in the next slide, he tells that we can create a triangular wave from a square wave using this...
  32. Pouyan

    Complex circuit and its resistance

    The true answer is : The voltage between P and Q is 1.5 V. I got stuck finding the total resistance. My question is: Is B parallel to both A and C? Is C parallel to D ? I tried many ways to find the total R but failed! My first attempt: I say the system ABD is in serie with C...
  33. Xiao Xiao

    Engineering Finding V and I in a simple circuit

    So I know I have to use kirchhoff's Voltage Law so when I apply it's: -12+4i+2Vo-4-Vo=0 and Vo=6i so --> -16+4i+2(6i)-(6i)=0 but apparently that's wrong and Vo should be =-6i and so when I substitute it in the equation it should be -16+4i+2(-6i)-(-6i)=0 and I don't understand why.
  34. X

    Engineering Finding Voltage in RLC circuit

    Hi i want to know just how to approach this question. i know the omega=100 then should i find XL and XC? and then find the voltage in points c and d? also how do i find the current that enters point c? thanks a lot.
  35. cianfa72

    Exploring Quadripole Interconnected with External Circuit

    Hello, I'm struggling with the conditions under which makes sense employ a two-port 'external' representation of a quadripole (four-terminal electrical network) when interconnected to an external circuit (to take it simple assume a linear + permanent electrical network). Starting from circuit...
  36. J

    B RC Low Pass Circuit Sine Wave Response

    Hey Everyone, I am trying to gain a level of fundamental understanding of an RC circuit sine wave response through the mathematics and was wondering if someone could help me work it out. Fundamentally a sine wave is represented by the equation y=-ky'' . When a sine wave is used as the input...
  37. Pouyan

    Which lamp is dimmed in the circuit?

    The true answer is B. But I don't understand why! I know: Kirchhoff's circuit laws : ∑In=0 If we assume that a current that goes from plus to minus, before it passes through lamp B, I know that according to Kirchhof's laws, part of the current will pass through the bottom path where there is...
  38. Osnel Jr

    What factors affect the induced voltage in an induction circuit?

    I'm thinking it would stay the same. Any answers?
  39. Vossi

    Verifying a circuit design with voltage regulators

    Need help verifying if this circuit design and use of elements is correct. The goal here is to run a 3v motor, hence I need to make the use of voltage regulators for a constant 3v energy to transfer.
  40. Wrichik Basu

    How do you calculate the series resistance for this Triac control circuit?

    Disclaimer: Some of you might easily recognize that the components and circuit I am talking about are related to one of my projects, on which I had posted some months ago. Actually, the circuit is the same as the one in my project, but the one I am posting in this thread actually uses high...
  41. PRITAM the cat of Ne

    Engineering Op-Amp circuit output analysis trouble

    THE ANSWER IS GIVEN: 6V, but according to me as the positive terminal is grounded the negative terminal will be virtually grounded (0V), from ohm's law (applying to the two series resistance) it is expected that Vo is 0V! I don't know where I am getting wrong!
  42. qh4305

    Exploring the Zero Energy of a Circuit in a Magnetic Field

    Why is the energy of a circuit placed in a magnetic field at infinity zero?
  43. Xiao Xiao

    Engineering Electric Circuit Analysis of this First Order R-L Circuit

  44. hugo_faurand

    Amplifier for piezoelectric sensor, OP Amp circuit

    Hello everyone ! I'm working with a piezoelectric cell and I need to retrieve the variation of the charge of the cell as a voltage signal. I found this circuit (a charge amplifier) with an OP Amp ( here the piezo cell is represented as the current source with the capacitor and the resistor on...
  45. Andrei0408

    How do you calculate the impedance of the primary circuit?

    I'm not sure if it helps for what I'm looking, but I've calculated the mutual inductance, M, using the equation: M=U2/(ω*I1) = 106.3μH. I don't need the numerical value in particular, I just want to find a way to deduce the formula in order to calculate Z1. Thank you!
  46. T

    How Does Project 122 Snap Circuit AM Transmitter Work?

    Hi, guys! Could anyone provide an explanation about how the following AM transmitter works? It is similar to the AM transmitter for project 122 of the Snap Circuit kit by Elenco. Does it work as a switching modulator?
  47. E

    A query about this electrical circuit symbol

  48. Istiak

    Is My Delta to Wye Conversion Calculation Correct?

    I was following these [steps](https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/direct-current/chpt-10/delta-y-and-y-conversions/). I was calculating resistance for left side circuit. $$R_1=\frac{2 × 2}{2+2+4}=0.5\Omega$$ $$R_2=\frac{2 × 4}{2+2+4}=1\Omega$$ $$R_3=\frac{2 × 4}{2+2+4}=1\Omega$$ Then...
  49. Xiao Xiao

    Engineering Finding Vc for two circuits, Electric Circuit Analysis question

  50. B

    Induced EMF in a small square loop of wire at center of an AC Circuit

    I used the voltage of the power supply and resistance to solve for the current in the larger circuit (20V/5ohms=4 amps). I am not sure if the equation listed above is the correct one I should be using, but I tried it using the following numbers. For omega, I used 2*pi*frequency. N should...
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