Electromagnetism Definition and 832 Threads

I want know is there any unified and consistent theory between general relativity and electromagnetism ? If yes could you provide me any textbook ? I'm interest

Electromagnetism in the atoms is why we can't pass through a bank vault. But supposed electromagnetism were canceled for an object, what would happen to the residual or remaining Pauli Exclusion principle? Would it still cause resistance to passing through the vault? On a second scenerio, what...

Poynting's Theorem (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poynting's_theorem) says: The rate of energy transfer (per unit volume) from a region of space equals the rate of work done on a charge distribution plus the energy flux leaving that region. $$-\frac{\partial u}{\partial...

Hello All : reading the Bo Thide book in electromagnetism , downloaded the draft copy from the following link http://www.plasma.uu.se/ , i reached the chapter 4 now and a section in that chapter (section 4.3) have few lines that i coudnt understand (mathematically speaking) the writer conclude...

How do I simplify the expression...

I have looked several special relativity books but in each of them the metric is defined as ##\eta_{\nu\mu} = (+1, -1, -1, -1)##. Is there a book where the metric is defined as ##\eta_{\nu\mu} = (-1, +1, +1, +1)## ?

Here this is my attempt : Reference Textbook : Zangwill's Modern Electrodynamics I stuck at the last step , I really have no idea what to do next.

I'm currently studying Method of Images in Griffiths book and in section 3.2 he introduces the method of images for a point charge at a distance ##d## from a grounded conducting plane at potential ##V = 0##. In subsection 3.2.3, Griffiths compute the energy of the real system and the image...

I am not sure, but I think the answer is between acceleration and velocity.

Hi. I've got two questions. Is it true that waves with longer wavelengths are handled easier? Think of a scenario where radio-waves insulate a solid object (in a lab for example). How can this be done? Given my understanding, waves don't travel around the environment uniformly.

Draw graphs showing how interaction energy depends upon the relative orientation of two dipoles if (i) p1 is parallel to r, (ii) p1 is perpendicular to r. I've done the first part and found the interaction energy as UInt = 1/(4*pi*epsilon0*r^3)*[p1.p2-3(p1.r^)(p2.r^)] which I know is correct...

Hello I'm having trouble finding the right way to apply Faraday's law to this question. I've found the flux through the disc: ##\phi = \vec A \cdot \vec B = B_{0} \sin{\omega t} \left( \frac D 2 \right)^2 \pi ## and the EMF: ##\varepsilon = - \frac {d \phi} {dt} = -B_{0} \omega \cos{\omega t}...

Hi everyone, sorry we are talking about pulsed power accelerators again. In this context, it is about the HERMES III again. According to https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a351472.pdf HERMES III, a 16 terawatt pulsed power accelerator at Sandia National Labs, which fired electron beams...

I used the potential at the surface of the sphere for my reference point for computing the potential at a point r < R in the sphere. The potential at the surface of the sphere is ## V(R) = k \frac {Q} {R} ##. To find the potential inside the sphere, I used the Electric field inside of an...

Sorry - I wish I had some way of writing equations in this forum so the "relevant equations" section is easier to read. The answer to the first part is (a) so the rest follows from using the electric field given in B. If anyone is interested this question comes from Griffith's 3rd edition...

Hello, I need to find the force between the two metal plates, one is charged positively, and another is charged negatively. I have to use surface integration, but then I get two surface integrations because of the two differently charged plates. Now I am confused. Please help me. Thank you in...

Is there a limit on the minimum diameter that a collimated electromagnetic beam must have (lasers or masers), in terms of its wavelength, or it is possible to create a beam with its diameter smaller than its wavelength? I'm considering a colimated planar wave directly from the source, and not...

This is about possible problems with the equations of EM theory of Faraday and Maxwell. EM theory states that when an electron moves a magnetic field is generated. Does this field move with electron in the direction of the electron (if the electron is in motion)? Or, does it stay still in the...

The following is an improved version of my previous post https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/falling-electric-dipole-contradicts-the-equivalence-principle.964594/ Consider the following system comprising a particle on the left with charge ##+q## that is a large distance ##d## away from two...

Ampere´'s law with the correction term I have a infinite cylinder with radius R with a current density , and magnetic field . I have to proof that it is acceptable to discard the correction term of term of ampere's law, while calculating the magnetic field, as long as it obeys the following...

Summary:: Not sure if my solution to a magnetostatics problem is correct [Mentor Note -- thread moved from the technical forums, so no Homework Template is shown] I was trying to solve problem 2 from...

Summary:: A plane wave incident upon a planar surface - determining polarization, angle of incidence etc. 𝐄̃i = 𝐲̂20𝑒−𝑗(3𝑥+4𝑧) [V. m−1 ] is incident upon the planar surface of a dielectric material, with εr = 4, occupying the halfspace z ≥ 0. a) What is the polarisation of the incident wave...

Homework statement: Find the electric field a distance z from the center of a spherical shell of radius R that carries a uniform charge density σ. Relevant Equations: Gauss' Law $$\vec{E}=k\int\frac{\sigma}{r^2}\hat{r}da$$ My Attempt: By using the spherical symmetry, it is fairly obvious...

Is the intensity of a general electromagnetic wave always the norm of its Poyinting vector? Or are there other notions of intensity?

How can traveling wave exist on transmission line if wires are perfect conductors (how voltages can be different at different positions on one perfect conductor)? I mean electric fiels should be zero on equipotential source. I know if length is too long compared to wavelength, we get phase...

I need some rigorous introductory books on Electromagnetism, by rigorous I mean detailed and mathematical. Many books that I have found don’t actually work out the field produced by current carrying toroid, solenoid or even some other simple electrostatic situations. They just write “by...

Summary:: I need to add references for several classical electromagnetism concepts, I would like to know which books deal with these concepts. Recently a paper about classical electromagnetism that I had submitted was rejected, among other reasons because it contained many references to...

These are images from the book Introduction to Electrodynamics by David J. Griffiths . . . My problem is that I'm unable to understand how the current has zero ##\phi## component (I have underlined it in the first image)? I do understand cylindrical coordinates, I know...

Is there a topic in electromagnetism that students usually have most difficult understanding than other areas? I'm having a hard time studying diffraction. It's been the most difficult part.

Greetings, I'm happy to find such an enthusiastic community with an encyclopedic knowledge and mathematical rigor. I'm a Biomedical Engineering Researcher that's had to breach into the world of condensed matter physics to better understand the physical principles of the piezoelectric crystal...

Summary:: Griffiths' Electrodynamics Text is Worthless for Teaching It seems like Griffiths just makes things up as he goes along. There's no reasoning. Sometimes he does things one way, sometimes another. Solutions are never really explained, whether I look up homework solutions online or...

The Klein-Gordon equation is based on the relation (E-eΦ)2-(pc-eA)2=m2^2c2, which is the magnitude of the difference between the momentum four-vector and the four-potential. Since the magnitude of the momentum four-vector is given by E2-p2c2=m2c4, does it follow that the magnitude of the...

Consider the following experiment: from a lacquered copper wire we cut off twenty to thirty pieces of about 10 cm. From them we form a bundle of parallel wires and connect the two ends with one more wire each. The other ends of these two wires are connected to a sensitive analog ammeter. We hold...

There was an old thread comparing the difficulty of classical mechanics and electromagnetism. The consensus was that electromagnetism is more difficult, and substantially so according to some. The thread was no longer open for replies, but it got me suspecting that we're comparing apples to...

I found two formulas to calculate the work done. One is with this path integral: ## W_{AB}## = W(## r_A,r_B ##)=q* ## \int_{r_A}^{r_B} E*dr ## but here is the one I tried to use: ## W_{AB}## = q*Δ U = q*(## \frac {kQ} {r_A} ## - ## \frac {kQ} {r_B} ## ) Now here's my problem, what are...

i am able to understand problems and solve electromagnetism problems, if the currents are given to be flowing in wires and circle loops in the xy axis. But if they provide similar problems in z axis i am finding it difficult to imagine and do the calculations. My question is any simple concepts...

I need to do question 1. I understand the right hand rules but am lost on what to do here.

I am intrigued by the special-relativity explanation of magnetic force discussed here (linked from the physicsforums FAQ): http://www.edu-observatory.org/physics-faq/Relativity/SR/experiments.html#Length_Contraction Naively, from this explanation, it seems that a test charge at rest in the lab...

The book of Balanis solves the field patterns from the potential functions. Let say for TE modes, it is: F_z(\rho, \phi, z) = A_{mn} J_m(\beta_{\rho}\rho) [C_2 \cos(m\phi) + D_2 \sin(m\phi)] e^{-j\beta_z z} There is no mention of how to solve for the constant A_{mn} . Then, from a paper...

This is not really homework, but I'm having trouble understanding it intuitively. I came across this when learning about the space charge layer of a diode. The solution I know simply uses the 1D form of Gauss's law: ##\vec{\nabla} \cdot \vec{E}## = ##\dfrac{\rho}{\epsilon_0}## becomes...

I have lately been reading, with interest, the history leading up to Einstein's work as well as some of the debate that ensued after his theories were published. In particular, I was reading some of the ideas Ritz proposed and the disproof of his theories by de Sitter. A question occurred to me...

no need of equations

A square conducting loop of side length a is in a non-uniform magnetic field. The loop occupies the first quadrant of the xy plane, i.e. the space between the origin (x, y) = (0,0) and the point (x,y) = (a, a). The magnetic field is in the +z direction. Develop an expression for the magnitude of...

My fundamental issue with this exercise is that I don't really know what it means to "show that X is a propagator".. Up until know I encountered only propagators of the from ##\langle 0\vert [\phi(x),\phi(y)] \vert 0\rangle##, which in the end is a transition amplitude and can be interpreted as...

This is more like a theoretical question of my own than actual homework. Say there is a circuit with a current source and an inductor. There is a current ##i(t)=at## going through the inductor. We now place a new circuit with an inductor and a resistor next to it. The current ##i(t)## causes a...

Hello to everyone. The question or debate here is how you obtain the commonly known equation of dipole electric moment: from the electrostatic potential equation for a multipole of order n: I understand it is related with Dirac delta functions but a step by step solution might be helpful.Thank...

In his book, "The greatest story ever told", Lawrence Krauss states: "Gauge invariance ... completely determines the nature of electromagnetism." My question is simple: How? I have gone back thru the math. Gauge invariance allows us to use the Lorenz gauge with the vector and scalar potentials...

I thought I could replace r^ with z^ and |r|=z since it's only in the z-direction. Is it okay for me to do that? Also, do I need to consider the magnetic dipole moment, m, only in the z-direction as well? Or can I just keep it as m? So assuming that I can replace r^ with z^ and keep m as just...

Consider two charges A and B separated at distance D. charge B is attached on spring and can move towards and away from charge A. Now charge A is brought closer to charge B and then it is taken back to its original position. Work done in this process is zero because of conservative forces. If...