Ideal gas Definition and 823 Threads

Homework Statement Find the Kinetic Energy of the ideal gas \overline{Ek}=? if its volume is 10 liters (10-2 m3) and it is under the pressure of p=5·105. Homework Equations p·V = N·k·T (where p-pressure, V-volume, N-number of particles (molecules), k- Boltzmann constant, T-absolute...

Hi guys, Can someone explain me please how to find the following question? Which diagram represents the behavior of an ideal gas the most? I know it's C but I don't know why. They all seem to represent the behavior of a ideal gas. But why C mor than the others? Thanks

Homework Statement A liter of air, initially at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, is heated at constant pressure until it doubles in volume. Calculate the increase in its entropy during this process. Is there a way to calculate this using the thermodynamic identity (ie. without the...

Homework Statement 1.0 mol of a monatomic ideal gas is taken through the cycle in the figure below. http://s1142.photobucket.com/albums/n603/bdoneski/?action=view&current=20-26.gif" a) What is the following as the gas goes from state a to state c along path abc? W0/P0V0 (b) What...

Homework Statement When 23.3 J was added as heat to a particular ideal gas, the volume of the gas changed from 54.7 cm3 to 100 cm3 while the pressure remained at 1.00 atm. (a) By how much did the internal energy of the gas increase? J (b) If the quantity of gas present was 2.00 10-3...

Homework Statement 1 mole of an ideal gas is at 9 atm pressure, occupies 1 L and has an internal energy of 474 J. The gas is first cooled at constant volume until its pressure is 1 atm. It is then allowed to expand at constant pressure until its volume is 7 L with an internal energy of 766...

Homework Statement An ideal gas follows the three-part process shown in the figure. At the completion of one full cycle, find the net work done by the system. Homework Equations W=P*deltaV; Total Work = Wab+Wbc+Wca A=1/2bh The Attempt at a Solution Work done from C to A is zero, because...

This is a question from my calculus book that i thought was interesting, its not homework but I am curious to how you go about showing it. Show T (∂P/∂T)(∂V/∂T)=NR We know PV=NRT so if we take a partial how does the T end up on the other side?

If an ideal gas mixture is heated inside of a container which does not expand then does the entropy increase? Outside the container I know it would but inside the container the gases can't really become more disordered.

In the book of Pathria(p.16), he mentioned that If (i) the mutual interactions among particles are negligible and (ii) the wave packets of individual particles do not significantly overlap, then there does not exist any spatial correlations among the particles in the system composed of...

The following is a direct quote from Cramer's Essentials of Computational Chemistry: Assuming ideal gas statistical mechanics and pairwise additive forces, pressure P can be computed as P(t)=\frac{1}{V(t)}N(kb)(T(t))+(1/3)\sum\sumFF f(ij)r(ij) My question is: I've always been taught P=NkT/V...

Hi, An amount of ideal gas undergoes the folowing cycle process in the following graph: This process can be presented by the following PV-graph : The answer has to be the upper graph but why can't it be the lower graph ? Thank you!

hi, How can I show that the chemical potential of an ideal gas µ(T,V ) can be given by: \mu(T , V , N )=k_{b}T\left(a+1+ln(\frac{Nv_{0}}{V})\right)

I haven't been able to try all parts of this question yet as I've been running into problems fairly near the start. I've asked for help with it but have just been told 'use the ideal gas law' which is what I tried to do but can't seem to get it right. We have been given answers to parts a, b...

Homework Statement A cylinder in a car engine takes Vi = 4.50 x 10^-2 m^3 of air into the chamber at 30°C and at atmospheric pressure. The piston then compresses the air to one-ninth of the original volume (0.111Vi) and to 20.0 times the original pressure (20.0 Pi). What is the new...

Homework Statement Find the rms speed in air at 0.0°C and 1.00 atm of (a) the N2 molecules (b) the O2 molecules, and (c) the CO2 molecules. Homework Equations vrms = square root of 3kT/m The Attempt at a Solution (a). 28.0u x (1.66 x 10^-27) = 4.68 x 10^-26 1.5 x (1.38 x 10-23...

Hi, I'm trying to solve the attached exercise, but I'm not sure I'm in the right direction. What I've been trying to do is using the relation: dU=TdS-pdV Dividing it by T and adding dT so the relation will be (dU/T)dT=(ds/dT)-pT(dVdT), but I don’t think it’s the right way to solve it...

Homework Statement The gas law for an ideal gas at absolute temperature T (in kelvins), pressure P (in atmospheres), and volume V (in liters) is PV = nRT, where n is the number of moles of the gas and R = 0.0821 is the gas constant. Suppose that, at a certain instant, P = 9.0 atm and is...

So here's what has me all confuzzled about the relationship between temperature and pressure: Temperature is proportionate to average kinetic energy... but why does expanding a container lower the KEavg of the container's gaseous contents? Shouldn't the conservation of momentum keep all the...

Why it is not necessary for an ideal gas to obey Charles's law, but Boyle's only?

Homework Statement A 3-Litre Vessal gas at a pressure of 200 kPa. 5-Litres of gas at the same pressure if forced into the vessal. Calculate the new Pressure Homework Equations P1V1+P2V2 The Attempt at a Solution P1=200*V1=3 / V2=5 = P2 120 kPa New Pressure = 120 kPa I am...

Homework Statement One mole of monatomic ideal gas is taken from an initial pressure(P) and volume(V) to a final pressure(2P) and volume(2V). It goes from pressure=P and volume=V to pressure=P/2 and volume=2V through isothermal expansion and from there volume stays constant but the pressure...

Homework Statement Look at picture The Attempt at a Solution For V at point 3 I got 4.52 x 10^(-2) For V at point 2 I assumed it was the same as Point 1, but this is where it gets confusing because if I assume that, then does point 3 have the same pressure as point 1? This was...

Homework Statement 1 mole of a monoatomic gas undergoes reversible expansion from 30 L and 400K to 60 L. The molar heat capacity in this situation is (3/2)R, independent of temperature. Calculate the final pressure and temperature of this process if it is adiabatic. Homework...

While useful and unique for reactions or phase transforms, I fail to see how chemical potential brings anything new to ideal gas systems. For example, if chemical potential is described as the quantity the same for 2 systems in diffusive equilibrium, then for ideal gas systems (think 2 boxes...

1. Propane vapour (1kmol) at a pressure of 40 bar and 230 C expands adiabatically to 0.25 bar and 95 C. Determine a)W, b)Delta S, c)The amount of work obtained if the expansion were done reversibly from the same initial conditions to the final pressure of 0.25bar 2. I am not sure how to...

Let’s take an ordinary household thermometer and expose it to the air. The molecules of the air impact on the surface of the thermometer and transfer kinetic impulses. The thermometer transfers kinetic impulses to the impacting molecules as well. Eventually, thermal equilibrium is reached and...

Homework Statement Considering a container of 3*10-2m3 filled with an unknown gas such that the pression is 15MPA (or 1.5*107Pa) and the temperature is 25°C. Determine the volume occupied by one atom of the gas and determine the average distance between its particles. Homework...

Homework Statement What is the relationship between the heat absorbed and rejected by the reservoirs and their temperature. If a heat pump is used to transfer heat what is the rate at which heat is added to the hot reservoir in terms of the temperatures of the reservoir and the work done by...

I want to find the number of moles and I have the ideal gas equation as : n = PV/RT However I think I'm using the wrong units to find it, I want the answers in moles. n = (1 Pa * 1 m^3) /(8.314 JK^-1 mol^-1 * 1K) so would this give the answer x mol^-1?? I can't see how that would...

Homework Statement A container of volume 0.72 m^3 contains 1.4 mol of argon gas at 24 degrees C. Assuming argon behaves as an ideal gas, find the total internal energy of this gas. The value of gas constant is 8.31451 J/mol x K. Answer in units of J. Homework Equations PV=nRT...

Hello all! :smile: You know, I thought I knew something about ideal gas mixtures, but now I am not so sure. I am reading through a section of a text that discusses the Dalton and the Agamat models of ideal gas mixtures. I will briefly describe each: Dalton Model: The underlying assumption...

Homework Statement This is for my physics homework and I haven't done gen chem in a while so I was wondering if this was right: One mole of an ideal gas at 0◦C is held at a constant volume of 94 liter. Find the change in pressure if the temperature increases by 61◦C. Answer in units of atm...

We known U=3/2nRT (monatomic ideal gas), just depends on temperature. Most texts assert connecting U and Q with constant volume condition and say"\Delta U = nCv\Delta T for any process because of internal energy only depends on temp". I think that statement is very strange. Deriving...

Ok so I just need help with clarifying in how I should attempt to solve this problem. There's two question involving the same information. I've solved the first question but need help with setting up the second one. Here is the problem: Two containers, A and B are filled with argon. The...

Homework Statement One mole of an ideal gas is confined to a vessel of volume 4L at a temperature of 300°C. The vessel is placed inside a container of volume 200L and the gas is released. (a) What is the final temperature of the gas if it's expansion into the container is adiabatic...

Homework Statement A smooth, well-greased insulated cylindrical container with a metal base has a light (so you can neglect its weight), airtight piston that can frictionlessly move up and down the inside of the container. A mass M = 73 kg sits on top of the piston. The piston has a circular...

Homework Statement When you push down on the handle of a bicycle pump, a piston in the pump cylinder compresses the air inside the cylinder. When the pressure in the cylinder is greater than the pressure inside the inner tube to which the pump is attached, air begins to flow from the pump to...

Homework Statement P=1.5 atm; n=2 mols, R=8.314; T=250 K; V=? Homework Equations PV=nRT i converted p into Pa and got 151987.5 Pa. The Attempt at a Solution I plugged in all of the numbers and got V=0.027 L but it keeps saying my answer is wrong. It says answer for 2 sig figs. I...

Homework Statement A monatomic ideal gas is held in a thermally insulated container with a volume of 0.0900m 3. The pressure of the gas is 110 kPa, and its temperature is 347 K. To what volume must the gas be compressed to increase its pressure to 150 kPa? To what volume must the gas be...

What is the trick to derive the ideal gas law and gas constant from the "combination" of Charles', Boyle's, and Avogado's laws? The general chemistry books I have seen tell me this is how they derived the ideal gas law and constant but they do not show how that is achieved. I tried to go about...

a monatomic ideal gas initially at 17°C is suddenly compressed to one-tenth its original volume. What is the tmeperature after copression? make the same calculations for a diatomic gas.

Homework Statement I'm trying to understand algebraically how the solution was arrived at for the following problem. Automobile tire at normal atmosphere at 10 deg C. Inflating the tire to 28% of original volume with an increase in temp to 40 deg C What is the pressure? Homework...

Hey everyone. I hope someone can help. I'm off on this by several factors so I'm wondering what I may be inferring incorrectly. Homework Statement Express the chemical potential of an ideal gas in termps of T and V: \mu = c_{P}T - c_{V}T\ln T - RT\ln V - s_{0}T + const Homework...

Why does the ideal gas state equation fail at high pressures for real gases? I think it has something to do with the forces between the molecules in the gas, but I'm not sure the exact reason

Homework Statement A nebula-a region of the galaxy where new stars are forming-contains a very tenuous gas with 100 atoms/cm^3. This gas is heated to 7500 K by ultraviolet radiation from nearby stars. Put the answer in atmospheres. Homework Equations pV=nRT R=8.31 n=N/NA NA =...

When using the equipartition theorem to derive the heat capacity of an ideal gas, you have \left\langle H \right\rangle=\left\langle \frac{1}{2}m\left(v^{2}_{x}+v^{2}_{y}+v^{2}_{z} \right) \right\rangle and each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 kT to the total energy and 1/2 k to the total...

Homework Statement Estimate the required temperature of the air inside a (rigid) balloon in order for it to achieve lift off. Volume 2000m3 \summass, mtot=920kg Homework Equations pV=NkT p=\frac{Force}{Area} \rho=\frac{m}{V} The Attempt at a Solution We require Fup>(mair+mtot)g (assume...

Homework Statement In outer space, the density of matter is about one atom per cm^3, mainly hydrogen atoms, and the temperature is about 3.4K. Calculate the average speed of the hydrogen atoms, and the pressure (in atmospheres) M_H = 1.0079au = 1.67 X 10^-27 Kg 1 Hydrogen atom per cm^3...

Homework Statement Show that internal energy U = U(T) only for an ideal gas who'se equation of state is: P(V-b) = RT (the claussius equation for n moles of gas) Homework Equations Thermodynamic Equation of state: \left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T =...