Ion Definition and 382 Threads

1.Homework Statement BACKGROUND: A positive helium ion He+ (mass 6.7 x 10-27 kg, charge 2e) is released from rest from the surface of a +1000 V electrode, as shown in the diagram below. It crosses (in vacuum) the gap between the electrodes, passes through a small hole in a 0 V electrode...

Hello. I am wondering what the job field is like for nuclear engineers that aspire to work in plasma research and implementation or things like ion propulsion, etc. I do not want to work in a plant. Thank you.

Acceleration with Fe2+ ion and Fe3+ ion help! A sample of two different iron ions, Fe^2+ and Fe^3+, are accelerated by the same potential and sent through the uniform magnetic field of a mass spectrometer. a)Which ions moves faster after being accelerated. Justify with relevant equations...

I'm working Ksp problems comparing pure water solutions w/ those with an ion already present in solution. Example: AgCl and NaCl both in solution. The pure water Ksp for AgCl is given as 1.77x10^-10. The question is what the Ksp would be with .01M of Cl- already present. After working the...

Will more negative ions emit from an object (like a "negative ion generator") due to heat or piezoelectric effect or will they emit any way? Also, do certain objects give off more negative ions than others?

Homework Statement A mass spectrometer has a potential difference of 120 V applied to its accelerator plates. It is accelerating a positively charged ion that has a mass of 2.32 x 10^-26 kg. the ion then is directed into a uniform magnetic field of 0.17 T. The magnetic field is perpendicular...

A 1 Gev/nucleon ion beam strikes typical matter ... In this thread: https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=622502 the key to figuring out what will happen would seem well modeled by any study or analysis of a 1 Gev/nucleon ion beam striking matter (e.g. a baseball). The density...

So the question asks - What is molar solubility of AgCl in 0.1M HCl? Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-] ----> Ksp = 1.8x10-10 After setting up the problem we get... Ksp = (x)(0.1 + x) 1.8x10-10 = (x)(0.1) 1.8x10-9 = (x) So the resulting answer is a Molar Solubility of 1.8x10-9, which to me is less...

Is it that protons tend to join other H2O molecules rather than forming H402+?

Thanks, just curious ever since I watched Prometheus.

Hi, I was reviewing the polyatomic ions, and on the third row of the periodic table they seemed to follow a pattern going from left to right on the periodic table. For example: Silicate = SiO44-; phosphate = PO43-; sulfate = SO42- For row 3 on the periodic table, it looks like each...

Homework Statement The problem is given like this "A student unsuccessfully tried to balance the following equation: Cr2O72-+Fe3++H+→Cr 3+ +Fe 2+ + H2O Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution First tried to find the oxidation no. -8...

What is the energy of the n = 1 energy level in the B4+ hydrogen-like ion? I need it to 4 significant figures... I know the equation is En=Z squared X -13.60 /n squared... however I can't work out the answer to four significant figs

In heavy ion therapy ,how do you determined the exact location of the tumor? 1.How position of any object can be determined by a nuclear detector. 2.Instrumentation involved in a heavy ion accelerator for cancer therapy.

H3+ The original mothercloud was mostly H2 and He. It didn't have molecular species containing C, N, and O that are good at radiating away heat they pick up by jostling each other when the cloud contracts. So it was hard for the early clouds to contract by their own gravity, because they...

I've been working on this one for a few days, and I just can't seem to get the right answer. Consider the reaction I2(s) --> I- (aq) + IO3- (aq) Balanced= 3I2 + 6OH- --> 5I- + IO3- + 3H2O deltaG°= -153.8 kJ/mol The question: What pH is required for the reaction to be at equilibrium...

I'm teaching periodic trends in a Gen. Chem. course, and it's commonly mentioned that the radius of an Li+ ion (90 pm) is smaller than that of the neutral Li atom (~160 pm), with the dominant reason being that the valence 2s1 electron was removed. The same trend shows up for the other alkali...

In the diagram attached, the 3 resonance structures of arenium ion bonded to H electrophile are shown.I labelled the carbon atoms in one of the structures for convenience. From the diagram, the A and B carbons, and D and E carbons, have a double bond between them for two of the resonance...

If some atom loses or gains an electron, is its effective nuclear charge changed? I would think that it would change, considering that having lost an electron the shielding effect weakens, making the zeff larger, but people are saying there is no effect? Is there some explanation? THanks! BiP

What do you guys think of the Ion Proton 1 developed by a chemical engineer named Jonathan Rothberg? It can supposedly sequence most of a human genome for around $1000 compared to the past where had it costed millions. I don't recall quite clearly, but I think researchers at IBM are...

Hello, I'm attempting to work out the number of ion pairs produced by a 5MeV alpha particle in UF6 (in each of the solid, liquid, and gas states). Using the technique from my old radiation physics book (Turner 3rd ed) I should simply apply the Bethe formula -\frac{dE}{dx}=\frac{4\pi...

I'm simulating an ion beam with different charge states passing through two pinholes. I'm using random angles, from an external function, to evaluate the velocity components along the axes and solving the differential equation: O=[0 0 0]'; f = @(t,ys) [ys(4:6); O]...

Ion naming confusion with the "bi" prefix I am little confused on when you use the "bi" prefix to denote the existence of a proton in front of an oxyanion. For example, I know that [HCO_{3}]^{-} is called bicarbonate as well as hydrogen carbonate. A problem arises when I try to define...

Consider the metal-ligand complex of the tetrahydroxoaluminate ion. [Al(OH)_{4}]^- In this ion, the aluminium is bonded with four hydroxides where each hydroxide is a ligand. My question: Is the aluminium-hydroxide bond ionic or covalent? I can think of the ionic one working in...

I'm writing a script to simulate the transport of ion beam in a Thomson Spectrometer. My concern is that the program doesn't allow the passage of higher charge states through out the pinholes that I use to collimate the beam. I mean if I want to simulate a 3 charge states beam of C ions I will...

I was told that when a base is dissolved in water, the ions form ion pairs so it is difficult to separate them completely; is this true? And if so, why wouldn't this apply to acids?

I have recently learned how to balance chemical equations using the ion electron method. However, I have some doubts.. Suppose the reaction takes place in an acidic medium; now how can we say that we are allowed to add an H+ or H2O molecule? I mean, where will these elements come from when...

Hello all, i doubt this but is there anyway now or in the future to increase ion wind to where it acts like and has the same strength as regular wind?

I'm analyzing data taken from 500 MeV/nucleon Iron beam and 290 MeV/nucleon Carbon beam. When looking at the fragmentation that has occured, the fragmentation for the Carbon beam seems almost always be alpha particles (I though I would see some Beryllium as well). Does this mean that the Carbon...

I have the relevant equation, I just need to know the charges (in coloumbs) of the two ions so I can plug them into it. I thought that it would just be the equivalent charge of the one spare proton/electron, but that did not work so I guess it was a faulty assumption. I have not been able to...

I am surprised by the result when I estimate the specific heat of the plasma produced by heavy ion collisions in the LHC: C(plasma) ~= 2e5 J/(g-K) (Details below.) This is ~1e6 times greater than C(lead)=0.13 J/(g-K) (1). Did I make a mistake? If not, can the physics experts who read this...

Hi my friends I wanted to build a ion thruster for some research projects. I searched in net and find out that there are a lot of papers relating to design and increasing performance of ion thrusters, but i couldn't find a build paper or site! Please if any of you knew about build requirement...

Ok well hello there everyone yes, i am still a novice at this but i was wondering this would it be possible. If i had a metal ball and i charged the center of it positively and then have an external electrode on the bottom charged negatively creating negative ions that cover the bottom half of...

Umm hello there I'm still a novice at this whole thing but i was wondering, would it be possible to have an area of air with a a small ball object within the center of that area and in this area an electrical charge is presented to create both positive and negative ions in it so that they will...

Homework Statement I am doing a lab called "Complexometric Determination of Cobalt" and am asked "Explain why an anion resin can be used to separate a mixture of cations such as Co(II) and Ni(II)" I have no idea. My textbook says that cation exchange resins are used to separate...

Using the Ion Electron Method (acidic conditions) I need to solve: MnO4- + C2O42- -> Mn2+ + CO2 So I tried doing: MnO4- -> Mn2+ And: C2O42- -> CO2 + 2H2O Then I balanced the oxygen atoms with H2O MnO4- -> Mn2+ + 4H2O And: C2O42- -> CO2 + 2H2O Then I added the...

Hey everyone, I was just wondering, in a PEM fuel cell the Hydrogen ion diffusion through the membrane is an important step. But don't these ions need to diffuse through the anode as well to reach the membrane? Also, if this is the case and the anode is a metal like Pt, wouldn't the diffusion...

Help much needed! Thanks!So this problem has been dealt with here on the physics forums. But the fact is that answers either appear to be false and/or they differ from what other people have done. First, here's the problem: In a certain region, the atmospheric electric field strength is 120...

As far as I know: When an source of ionizing radiation, such as alpha particles, Americium-241 for example, is present in a gas it results in the ionization (stripping of electrons from atomic nuclei) of the gas to form ion pairs. When these ion pairs recombine (radiative recombination) into...

How does tourmaline produce negative ions ? Where those negative ions come from ? I know that negative ions is simply atoms with 1 extra electron so where they come from ? I also know that volcanic ash also produce negative ion same question ?

If you have two alkaline Earth metal-halide salts in a solution (for example potassium iodide and sodium chloride), when you boil off the water will you find that new salts (In this case potassium chloride and sodium iodide) have formed? Will the most electronegative and least electronegative...

In solid sodium chloride (table salt), chloride ions have one more electron than they have protons, and sodium ions have one more proton than they have electrons. These ions are separated at about 0.28 nm. Calculate the electrostatic force between the sodium ion and the chloride ion. What I...

For example: If they gave you KClO and asked you to name it... The answer is Potassium Hypochlorite, because you base it off of the loss of two oxygen atoms from the most common chlorine ion (ClO3). My question is, why can't I base it off of Clorite (ClO2), so that the name of KClO would then...

Homework Statement The question was, you have a Helium ion with one electron in its ground state. Then a second electron is added to the n = 10 level. What effect does the second electron have the first electron that is nearest the nucleus? Is the energy increased or decreased? Homework...

I was giving today zinc -tablet to a patient directly to her stomach because she cannot move. The tube which I first used was not clean so it contained some medicine of the last use. The tube turned light blue like copper ion -blue after I inserted the zinc water to the tube. I have not...

For starters, watch this video to see what I'm talking about. It has been done, so I know it can work, but I want to assess viability for maneuvering while in the thermo-sphere (space shuttle/ISS orbit) You can skip to 2:20...

Dawn spacecraft is nearing Vesta and is planned to go into orbit 16 July. http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/06jul_vestamoon/ The craft will orbit Vesta for several months and then move on to another asteroid, Ceres. The NASA press release mentions that several...

Homework Statement In solid sodium chloride (table salt), chloride ions have one more electron than they have protons, and sodium ions have one more proton than they have electrons. These ions are separated by about 0.28 nm. Calculate the electrostatic force between a sodium ion and a chloride...

this is my ionocraft. sides of the triangluar frame are of 10 cm each. the frame is made of broomsticks because we don't get balsa wood here. I am using 45 gauge Cu wire (ripped off from a quartz clock's circuit). total weight is 2-3 gms. (i hv weighed it). air gap is about 3.5 cm. im using...

Hello Physics Forums, I am a tenth grade student looking into a possible engineering/science project. I wanted to know if an ion thruster could be built, how hard would it be if at all possible. I could work with the university of Arizona and they might lend me a lab and equipment. (such as...