Bernouilli's principle pipe flow problem

In summary, the conversation discusses the behavior of water levels in a horizontal and vertical pipe system when the water flow is abruptly stopped. According to Bernouilli's equation, the dynamic pressure at point 2 is higher due to the shape of the tube, causing the water column to be higher. When the flow stops, the dynamic pressure is expected to completely convert into hydrostatic pressure, causing the water level at point 1 to rise to the level at point 2. The concept of water hammer is also mentioned as a potential factor in this situation. The issue of whether the flow is stopped abruptly or slowly is discussed, with the conclusion that an abrupt stop would result in a pressure wave, while a slow stop would not.
  • #1
pianopanda
3
0

Homework Statement



On a horizontal pipe with flowing water on point 1 there is a vertical pipe with water up to some point. On another point 2, we have a pitot tube (L shaped) against the water flow and the lever on the vertical part is higher that on point 1. If the water flow stops what happens to the levels on the vertical tubes ?


Homework Equations



Bernouilli's equation : 1/2 ρv²+ ρgh+ P= constant

The Attempt at a Solution



On point 1 we only have the hydrostatic pressure. On point 2, the dynamic pressure is added to the hydrostatic pressure because of the shape of the tube so the water column will be higher. According to the principle that the total pressure should be conserved, then the dynamic pressure should completely change into hydrostatic pressure and the level on 1 should rise to the level on 2. This however seems quite counter intuitive to me so I would really appreciate your points of view! Thanks in advance
 
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  • #2
Are you concerned with the situation when the flow is stopped abruptly, or when slowly?
 
  • #3
from what i understood it was stopped abruptly
 
  • #4
You may want to read up on water hammer. You can experiment in your garden or kitchen, too.
 
  • #5
I don't think it's the case of a water hammer. It's just a theoretical situation where we imagine the flow stopping "abruptly" but without the pressure wave.
 
  • #6
If it is abruptly, then there is a pressure wave - all that energy cannot just disappear. If there is no pressure wave, then it cannot be abruptly. You have to make a choice, you cannot have it both ways.
 

What is Bernouilli's principle and how does it relate to pipe flow problems?

Bernouilli's principle is a physical law that states that in a steady flow, an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy. This principle is often applied to pipe flow problems to determine the relationships between fluid speed, pressure, and elevation within the pipe.

What factors affect the application of Bernouilli's principle in pipe flow problems?

The application of Bernouilli's principle in pipe flow problems is affected by factors such as fluid density, pipe diameter, fluid viscosity, and the presence of any obstructions or changes in the pipe's shape.

How can Bernouilli's principle be used to solve pipe flow problems?

To solve pipe flow problems using Bernouilli's principle, the Bernouilli equation can be used to calculate the change in fluid speed, pressure, or elevation at different points in the pipe. This equation takes into account the initial and final conditions of the fluid within the pipe.

What are some real-world applications of Bernouilli's principle in pipe flow problems?

Bernouilli's principle is used in various real-world applications, such as in the design of airfoil shapes for aircraft wings, in the functioning of carburetors in cars, and in the operation of wind turbines. It is also applicable in the design and analysis of piping systems in industries such as oil and gas, water supply, and HVAC systems.

What are some limitations of applying Bernouilli's principle in pipe flow problems?

While Bernouilli's principle is a useful tool for solving pipe flow problems, it does have its limitations. It assumes ideal conditions, such as steady flow and non-viscous fluids, which may not always be the case in real-world situations. Additionally, it does not take into account factors such as turbulence and friction, which may affect the accuracy of the results obtained.

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