Calculating v_0 and i_0 with KVL & Ohm's Law

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The discussion focuses on calculating v_0 and i_0 using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Ohm's Law for a circuit with a source voltage v_s = 1. The user sets up mesh currents and derives three equations based on KVL for each loop. Initial calculations lead to incorrect determinants for the matrix used to solve for the currents, resulting in erroneous values for i_2 and v_0. After receiving feedback, the user realizes mistakes in their matrix math and corrects the determinants, ultimately arriving at the correct values of 0.5 Amps for i_0 and 0.5 Volts for v_0. Accurate matrix calculations are essential for solving circuit problems effectively.
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Homework Statement


In the figure, calculate v_0 and i_0 when v_s = 1
43.jpg


Homework Equations


Using Mesh Currents:
KVL: The sum of all voltages around a closed loop is equal to zero.
Ohm's Law: V = IR
Cramer's Rule: i2 = delta2/delta

The Attempt at a Solution


I first designated the lower left loop as i1, the lower right loop as i2 and the top loop as i3 (All going counter clockwise).
I noted that v_s = 1 and i0 = i2
Using KVL, I found the equations for each mesh.
Mesh 1: -v_s + 1(i1-i3) + 1(i1-i2) = 0
2*i1 - i2 - i3 = v_s
2*i1 - i2 - i3 = 1

Mesh 2: 1*i2 + 1(i2-i1) + 1(i2-i3) = 0
-i1 + 3i2 - i3 = 0

Mesh 3: 1*i3 + 1(i3-i2) + 1(i3-i1) = 0
-i1 - i2 + 3*i3 = 0

So I have my three equations and three unknowns. I also know that v0 is the voltage drop across the 1 ohm resistor, which is v0 = ir = i2*1 = i2 and the current i0 is the same as i2 since it is in the same loop i0 = i2.

So I create a matrix with the three equations and attempt to solve the matrix using determinants and Cramer's rule.[ 2 -1 -1 ] [i1] = [1]
[ -1 3 -1 ] [i2] = [0]
[ -1 -1 3 ] [i3] = [0]

delta = det(A) = 2(9-1) + 1(-3-1) - 1(-1+3) = 10
delta2 = det(A (with 2nd column as 1, 0, 0)) = 2*0 - 1(-3+1) + -1*0 = 2

So i2 = delta2/delta = 2/10 = .2 Amps
v0 = i2*1 = .2 Volts
i0 = i2 = .2 Amps

I checked through my equations and these seems like the correct answers, but the solution says that it is .5 amps and .5 volts. Any insight on why the answer would be different would be helpful.
 
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det(A) is not 10, and the determinant of your adjoint matrix for i2 is not 2. Better check your matrix math!
 


Wow I fail at adding and subtracting. Thanks for your input, got the correct determinants now.
 

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