Damped Harmonic Motion Time Constant?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on calculating the time constant for a damped harmonic motion scenario involving a spring and a mass. Given a spring constant of 17.0 N/m and a 530 g ball, the initial and final amplitudes are 7.00 cm and 3.50 cm, respectively, after 41 oscillations. The energy calculations show that the ratio of final to initial energy is 1/4, leading to the equation involving the exponential decay of amplitude. The time constant is derived using the relationship between damping coefficient, mass, and oscillation period. Ultimately, the calculations yield a damping coefficient of approximately 0.101, providing insights into the system's behavior over time.
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Homework Statement



A spring with spring constant 17.0 N/m hangs from the ceiling. A 530 g ball is attached to the spring and allowed to come to rest. It is then pulled down 7.00 cm and released.

What is the time constant if the ball's amplitude has decreased to 3.50 cm after 41.0 oscillations?

k=17.0 N/m
m = 0.53kg
Ai = 0.07m
Af = 0.035
oscillations = 41

Homework Equations



T = period = s / oscillation
T = 2pi (m/k)^(1/2)
Us = (1/2)k(A)^2
Us(damped) = (1/2)k ((A)e^(-bt / 2m))^2

The Attempt at a Solution



Ei = (1/2)k(Ai^2) = (1/2)(17)(0.07^2) = 0.04165
Ef = (1/2)k(Af^2) = (1/2)(17)(0.035^2) = 0.0104125

Ef / Ei = 1/4


(1/2)k(A^2) = (1/2)k (A e^(-bt / 2m))^2 = (1/8)k(A^2)

(1/2)k (A e^(-bt / 2m))^2 = (1/8)k(A^2)

(1/2)e^(-bt / m) = 1/8

e^(-bt / m) = 1/4

-bt / m = ln(1/4)

b = - m ln(1/4) / t

2pi (m/k)^(1/2) = t / oscillation

t = 2pi (m/k)^(1/2 (oscillation)

t = 7.239

b = - (.53) ln(1/4) / (7.239) = 0.101
 
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calculate time equivalent to 41 oscillation t=41*(2*pi)/(w1)
where w1 is damped oscillation freq w1^2=w0^2-(b/2m)^2

then use amplitude equation A=a*exp(-b/2m*t)
 
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