vela said:Rewrite the differential equation slightly to get
\rho^2u''(\rho)-l(l+1)u(\rho) = 0
Then substitute a trial solution of the form \rho^r and then solve for r.
HallsofIvy said:You basic error is trying to apply a method that works for equations with constant coeficients to an equation with variable coefficients. As a result your characteristic equation, which should not involve the idependent variable, is wrong and everything after that is wrong.