How Does Angular Velocity Change as String Length Reduces in a Rotating System?

AI Thread Summary
In a rotating system with a particle of mass m attached to a string of length L, pulling the string through a hole reduces the length to L/2, resulting in an increase in angular velocity. The new angular velocity is found to be four times the original due to the conservation of angular momentum, as no external torques are acting on the system. The tension in the string can be calculated by considering the forces acting on the particle, which includes the work done by the force pulling the string. The increase in kinetic energy corresponds to the work done, confirming the relationship between potential energy and tension. This problem illustrates key principles in classical mechanics, particularly the interplay between angular velocity, tension, and energy conservation.
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This is a problem from Kibble Classical Mechanics, so it may be harder than it looks.

Homework Statement



10. A particle of mass m is attached to the end of a light string of length
L. The other end of the string is passed through a small hole and is slowly pulled through it. Gravity is negligible. The particle is originally spinning round the hole with angular velocity ω. Find the angular velocity when the string length has been reduced to L/2. Find also the
tension in the string when its length is r, and verify that the increase in
kinetic energy is equal to the work done by the force pulling the string
through the hole.

=====

Attempt:

PE_{orig} = (1/2) k L^2

PE_{new} = (1/2) k (L/2)^2 = (1/8) k L^2

So PE_{new} / PE_{old} is 4.

Now, I know that rotational kinetic energy is E = 1/2 I ω^2. And the answer says that the new angular velocity is 4 times that of the old angular velocity. But how do I get that?

Also, how do I get the tension in the string? Tension comes from a force opposing an applied force. Also, I know that W = Fd = F*L/2. So... maybe F = W/d = \Delta PE/d = (7/8) k L^2 / (L/2) = (7kL/16). But that's still nowhere near the answer
 
Last edited:
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just use angular momentum conservation
 
Let particle and string be a system
Since no external torques act, angular momentum is conserved.
Hence,
 

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