How Does Temperature Affect Gas Pressure in a Sealed Container?

In summary, the first problem involves calculating the pressure inside a metal bottle after injecting 100.0 mL of liquid helium and allowing the system to warm to room temperature. The second problem involves determining the mass of oxygen consumed by a mouse in a sealed chamber after two hours. The equation PV=nRT is used to solve both problems.
  • #1
mhn745
4
0

Homework Statement



1) Liquid helium at 4.2 K has a density of 0.147 g/mL. Suppose that a 2.50-L metal bottle that contains air at 105K and 2.0 atm pressure is sealed off. If we inject 100.0 mL of liquid helium and allow the entire system to warm to room temperature (25 °C), what is the pressure inside the bottle?

2) A mouse is placed in a sealed chamber with air at 752.0 torr. This chamber is equipped with enough solid KOH to absorb any CO2 and H2O produced by the mouse. The gas volume in this chamber is measured to be exactly 2.30 L, and the temperature is held constant at 296K.
After two hours the pressure inside the chamber falls to 723.2 torr. What mass of oxygen has the mouse consumed?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
PV=nRT

Show what you did.
 
  • #3
For the second problem, you are going to have to know the molarity of oxygen, so that you can find the original amount of O2 (grams) in the 2.30 L of O2. After you know the grams of O2, you can figure out the "n." Then, use PV=nRT, to calculate the new "n." By subtracting the new "n" from the old "n," and converting that molar value into grams, you get your answer.
 
  • #4
grapejellypie said:
For the second problem, you are going to have to know the molarity of oxygen, so that you can find the original amount of O2 (grams) in the 2.30 L of O2.

Not sure what you mean by "molarity" of oxygen, but you don't have to know it. Think about stoichiometry O2 -> CO2.
 
  • #5
mhn745 said:

Homework Statement



1) Liquid helium at 4.2 K has a density of 0.147 g/mL. Suppose that a 2.50-L metal bottle that contains air at 105K and 2.0 atm pressure is sealed off. If we inject 100.0 mL of liquid helium and allow the entire system to warm to room temperature (25 °C), what is the pressure inside the bottle?

2) A mouse is placed in a sealed chamber with air at 752.0 torr. This chamber is equipped with enough solid KOH to absorb any CO2 and H2O produced by the mouse. The gas volume in this chamber is measured to be exactly 2.30 L, and the temperature is held constant at 296K.
After two hours the pressure inside the chamber falls to 723.2 torr. What mass of oxygen has the mouse consumed?

You had already posted the first problem ... what's the textbook answer?
 

1. What are gas laws?

Gas laws are a set of mathematical relationships that describe the behavior of gases under different conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and volume.

2. What are some common gas laws?

Some common gas laws include Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. These laws describe the relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.

3. How do I solve gas law problems?

To solve gas law problems, you need to identify the gas law that applies to the given conditions and then use the appropriate equation to calculate the unknown variable. It's important to convert all units to the correct SI units before plugging them into the equation.

4. What is the ideal gas law?

The ideal gas law is a combination of Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Avogadro's law. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

5. What are some real-life applications of gas laws?

Gas laws are applicable in many areas of science and technology, such as in the design of engines, refrigeration systems, and industrial processes. They are also used in understanding the behavior of gases in the atmosphere and in scuba diving to calculate the effects of changing pressures on the body.

Similar threads

  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
9
Views
431
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • Mechanical Engineering
Replies
8
Views
1K
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • Mechanics
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
8
Views
745
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
9K
Back
Top