Atomic Definition and 812 Threads

Basically I have an (infinite) population of isolated atoms with a bunch of discrete energy levels available to them. I want to work out what the expected population of each of the states is at a given temperature. They're complex atoms (transition metals) and spin-orbit coupling combined...

Why in atom, ther r discrete energy level & not continous? and energy emitted, from atom is in quata only?please give me exat answer or a related websites. thanx in advance:redface:

U-235 is most suitable for bombardment by slow neutrons 'cause it becomes U-236,providing for a more balanced nucleus. So if the electron shells are arranged something like 2,4,8,16,32,18,8,2 the atomic number only changes, in this case, because of an additional neutron. Is this element in a...

For a project/idea I'm working on, I need to find the charge density of tap water. I've read that this can be determined by simply subtracting total protons minus total electrons. I've got a list of elements that are in the water, but I'm not 100% sure how to find the exact number of electrons...

Nanotechnology, is a study of the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale right? I'm currently studying taking this course in my college and I'm wondering if Nanotechnology plays a part in researching cancer cells. Does Nanotechnology helps in treatment of cancer cells? If...

Homework Statement How exactly does connecting cells in series increase the voltage on the atomic scale? Does it speed up the electrons somehow? Explanations appreciated!

hi i m studing AAS(atomic absorption specvtroscopy) technique.using beer"s law i plot a graph bw absorbance and concentration.then how can i make the quantitative analysis of my sample?

IT IS A POLL! I would like to learn if you've ever heard of the positive charge atomic form-factor before my asking this question. The positive charge atomic form-factor fnn'(q) stands at the nucleus charge Z and describes the positive charge cloud in atoms for elastic scattering at large...

i have one problem on atomic radius. i read (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radius) the artical and try to understand it but i don't found any formula for it. The problem is: if the lattice parameter of alpha iron is 286 pm (Pico meter),what is its atomic radius? here we have only one...

How fast does an atom vibrate in m/s. I have found how fast it vibrates in hz but I'm trying to convert that to speed. Thanx.

Homework Statement An unknown nucleus contains 71 neutrons and has twice the volume of the nickel http://www.webassign.net/www32/symImages/f/1/3dca243bf11d1adbce4ca198d1973f.gif nucleus. Identify the unknown nucleus. Homework Equations r = (1.2X10^-15)(A^(1/3)) V= (4/3)(pi)(r)^3...

I'm trying to clarify the terms "nuclear effect" and "atomic effect". Due to the synonymous use of nuclear and atomic in the English language, the two are often viewed as being the same (as they were when I was in school); however during my current research, I learned that there is a...

Could anyone tell me a good book on Atomic and Nuclear physics?

Why the rutherford atomic model can't explain the line spectra of the hydrogen atom?

Question, sorry if it already answered: See this link: http://www.wacklepedia.com/h/hy/hydrogen.html Question is, why is calculated atomic radius of hydrogen (53 pm) LARGER than calculated radius of helium (31 pm) ? How can a single proton have larger radius than helium which has two...

Hi! I am new here, and I am no professional physicist, but I love science and physics. I don’t claim to know much at all, but I hope to someday. Nor am I a math wiz, in fact, I struggle with it. With that said, I was wondering if a percentage of the reciprocal of the “Atomic volume” is...

unknown ellement called M reacts with Cl to make MCl 0.7718 gram of MCl reacts with AgNO_3 as a result we get 2.6091 gram of AgCl. what is the atomic mass of M ??

Are atomic clocks such as the NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Atomic Clock http://tf.nist.gov/cesium/fountain.htm" sensitive to the ambient temperature Or do they keep very accurate time regardless of the ambient temperature?

Homework Statement Calculate the five (5) lowest energy levels for the hydrogen atom using Bohr's model. Homework Equations [tex]E_{n}= -2\xime^4 Z^2/h^2 n^2[\tex] = [tex]-(2.178\times10^18 J)Z^2/n^2[\tex] The Attempt at a Solution I get how to attempt it but how can there be...

I am trying to find a clear answer as to why elements' weights vary, when their makeup are of the same protons, electrons, and neutrons? For example, H = 1.0079 atomic weight, 1 proton + 1 electron Li = 6.941 atomic weight, 3 protons + 3 electrons + 4 neutrons If a neutron = 1 proton + 1...

Hi, I'm currently researching into the formation and history of atomic clocks. Quartz and crystal clocks can determine resonance frequency measurements to an order of 10^8, but using Ramsey fringes this can become more accurate. Could someone help me explain why Ramsey fringes are a far...

let me see if I got this one right: By solving the S E for bound system u got the quantum number n l and ml. each set of numbers corresponds to a curtain wave function and electron. One gots fine structure when adding the spin up 1/2 and down 1/2. so every electron in the atom has a set of...

Atomic physics studies the electron hull of atoms. This branch of physics is distinct from nuclear physics, despite their association in the public consciousness. Atomic physics is not concerned with the intra-nuclear processes studied in nuclear physics, although properties of the nucleus can...

Hello, I'm a third year physics student. I am looking for a good textbook on introductory atomic physics, considering the fact that I've already had some advanced non-relativistic quantum mechanics courses. I don't ask for much. A title and a very short explanation on why you think this...

does a computer equation exists that can predict the mass of atomic and sub-atomic particles?

Can someone please direct me to a site that explains atomic orbitales well. Thanks. :cool:

Hey all, I had a somewhat technical question concerning recent news events. My background in physics and mathematics is limited, especially in the area of atomic energy and science. Recent news reports have stated that Tehran now has 1,010 kilogrammes of low-enriched uranium hexafluoride...

Hey, I'm working on a problem about the atomic form factor. I found that the atomic form factor of an fcc lattice of Buckyballs (C60 atoms) looks like f~(sin(Gr))/G multiplied bij some constants. The question is now to explain from this atomic form factor why the (2,0,0) X-ray diffraction...

Homework Statement Natural carbon consists of two different isotopes (excluding 14C, which is present in only trace amounts). The isotopes have different masses, which is due to different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus; however, the number of protons in the same, and subsequently the...

Imagine there is a molecule which consists of several atoms, and for each atom there is an effective orbital, phi_i, which are not orthogonal. Now we want to construct from them a set of orthogonal orbitals, psi_i. Of course there are many ways to do this. Let W be the matrix that realizes our...

Homework Statement When M2S3 is heated in air, it is converted to MO2. A 4.000g sample of M2S3 shows a decrease in mass of .277 g when it is heated in air. What is the average atomic mass of M? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I don't not really know how to tackle this...

How do u calculate the atomic spacing on an iron cube? Can someone please help me!

Homework Statement The radius of the orbit of an electron in a hydrogen atom is 0.05 nm. Using the planetary model, calculate the orbital velocity needed by the electron to avoid being pulled into the nucleus by electrostatic attraction. Round up your answer to the nearest tenth...

Is it generally assumed that there is a smallest building block of matter? Or is it assumed that there is always a smaller particle within any particle? because i was thinking in my calc 2 class the other day... If you have, say, a water bottle on a table, and you assume that there is always...

I find the mechanics of the atom are not clear to me. I understand that the Bohr "step" of electrons in orbit is non-applicable anymore, then there is De Broglie's wave theory, this is never built upon. I always find it just mentioned never expanded on, I'm left with basic questions, okay so do...

I answered a question that my professor asked: "Why is the boiling point of HF much higher than that of HCl even though HCl has a larger molar mass?" The answer had to do with F being more electronegative than Cl and thus making stronger H-bonds. He also said on an aside that it all boils...

Hello everybody, I currently have a degree in chemistry and I am working on another in physics. I plan on going to grad school when I finish the second degree. That will probably be in four years or so. I'm working full time for the next couple of years while taking classes and then I will...

In atomic decay, when an atom decays and releases the (Alpha) Helium nucleus, the atom left behind changes to the element 2 Proton Numbers prior. So is this new element charged? because the electrons stay behind, or do they go? and if so, where to and how?

Atoms have Terms Symbols such as S (L=0), P (L=1), D (L=2), etc...In case of molecules, L no longer exists as other symbols are uesd: which ones?

I found atomic spectral data on the hydrogen atom, more specifically the first isotope of the hydrogen atom, protium. Beyond that, the data available on other isotopes of any atom doesn't seem to be eaisily available. Here is a page on protium...

When we see structures like DNA for example is it to be understood that if we had a microscope powerful enough to see detail at the level of a DNA molecule we would see the double helix structure? Or are our structures simply models to help explain experimental results? Either way, at what...

Are the results of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy affected if the metal were ions? For example, if you were trying to measure the amount of zinc in a sample but part of it was dissolved as ions and other parts were simply solid, would they measure the same absorption or would the ions not be...

Homework Statement X rays with wavelength 0.10 nm are incident on a crystal with a hexagonal crystal structure. The x-ray diffraction spectrum is shown in the figure. Figure: What is the atomic spacing D of this crystal? (in nanometers) Homework Equations The Bragg...

Homework Statement Calculate the radius of a palladium atom, given that Pd has an FCC crystal structure, a density of 12.0g/cm3, and an atomic weight of 106.4g/mol Homework Equations Pd contains 4 atoms per unit cell. unit cell edge lengh = 2*Radius*sqrt(2) The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement Calculate the energy and radius for each of the five lowest (n = 1,2,3,4,5) electron orbits in a Helium atom with only one electron. Enter the energy as a positive value in units of "eV" and the radius in units of "nm". Hint: The Helium nucleus has 2 protons so Z = 2 and...

Homework Statement I just want to know if there is a relationship between the ground state of Hydrogen which is 13.6 eV and the ground state of Helium. The problem is asking me to find the ground state of Helium, but I am not sure how to go about it. Any advice? Homework Equations...

Perhaps rather an elementary question, but I can't find a clear answer in my textbooks: Would I be right in thinking that we never actually measure directly the angular momentum of atomic systems, but rather: using the results of QM calculations about structure, and knowledge of the selection...

Homework Statement The 3s state of Na has an energy of -5.14 eV. Determine the effective nuclear charge. Homework Equations Zeffective = Z - S (not listed in textbook, found this online when trying to figure out the problem) The Attempt at a Solution Nothing in the textbook in...

I don't know where to begin lol - i know first principles is where you have a general equation which can be derived to give more specific details about something. I have been told that i need to find appropiate combinations of the four defined atomic units that have the desired dimensions but i...

Homework Statement According to the Bohr theory, what is the ionization energy of atomic hydrogen in kJ/mol? Homework Equations Bohr equation: E = (-2.18 x 10-18 J)(1/n2) The Attempt at a Solution I don't have any general idea on how to do this problem :( please help! The answer is...