Orbital Definition and 790 Threads

Homework Statement PHYSICS Gravity exercise!? What is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity at a distance from the center of the Earth equal to the What is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity at a distance from the center of the Earth equal to the orbital radius of the Moon? a =...

I keep seeing density of states and sometimes density of orbitals. What is the difference between a state and an orbital? Also, due to Pauli exclusion principle, does each orbital contain 1 or 2 electrons? I'm guessing each orbital have 1 electron, and there can be 2 orbitals with same...

How do you calculate the orbital period of an object, eg. a satellite, if the only known values are the radius of the orbit and the mass of the central object?

I am taking a class which discusses orbital angular momentum in a pseudo-quantum way, and it was explained that the orbital angular momentum is zero if the time average of the individual "L vectors" sum to zero. I am considering p-orbitals. The argument is that, if there are 3 electrons in the...

Hello PFers, a chemistry question that I need help with awaits! Homework Statement 10.42 Describe the types of bonds and orbitals in the following: (a) NO3-; (b) CS2; (c) CH2O; (d) FNO; (e) C2F4. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I tried to visualize the kind of...

Homework Statement The space shuttle is in a 290-mile-high orbit. What is the shuttles orbital speed? Homework Equations v=√GM/R+h The Attempt at a Solution Period: Me= 5.98x10^24kg Re= 6.38x10^6m H= 290miles * 1609m = 466610m v= √(6.67x10^-11 N)(5.98x10^24 kg)/ (6.38x10^6...

Hi, I'm a 4th year undergrad AE major and have been thinking about my career choices and graduate school choices a lot. Out of all the topics covered in my classes so far, I found orbital mechanics/ spacecraft mission design the most interesting. My question is, is it difficult to find...

Homework Statement We will compute the orbit of Eris, the infamous \tenth planet" that caused Pluto to be demoted to \dwarf planet" status. Eris (also called 2003 UB313 in the textbook) has a semimajor axis a = 68:048 AU and eccentricity e = 0:4336 based on the best current observations...

Why does a 2s orbital have some electron density near the nucleus rather than have all of it outside the node?

I am trying to understand the existence of orbits apart from the elliptical one. I have used the following line of thought. Consider an object moving from infinity towards a planet. The object has kinetic energy alone at infinity. But it develops a potential energy as it comes closer to the...

Hello, I'm a bit confused learning about how an electron can be found anywhere within the probability density. What exactly are the bounds of the probability density? Could the electron (with an insanely low probability) be found light years away from the nucleus?

This question has been bugging me... I've rephrased the question a bit so it shouldn't require much astrophysics knowledge to understand, just a bit of regular physics. Consider a binary star system. By doing some geometry based on visual observations of the positions of the two stars over...

I've been working on this for five hours and I am on the verge of despair! Can anybody help with this question? All I need is an equation! There are two extrasolar planets (X and Y) that are orbiting two stars with the same mass as our Sun (1.9891 × 10^30 kg), i.e. the planets are in two...

Homework Statement Basically I don't understand how you do this - the course I'm doing keeps mentioning the orbital radius of extrasolar planets but doesn't tell you HOW to find it? Can anyone please help - in plain English, please, I'm not a natural scientist! Homework Equations...

Why is the s,p,d,.. nomenclature derived for the H atom also valid for many-electron atoms?

Hi I think it's all descriped in the title: Why don't electrons in the same orbital repel.. I don't want the expected answer: because the direction of the magnetic field arising from the electron spin motion of each is opposite to the other... I don't get it.. how does a magnetic field...

Edit: perhaps this might belong in one of the Physics help forums? Oops. Mods, please move if so! Homework Statement Show that a transit of Venus across the Sun’s disk lasts at most about 8 hours. The synodic period of Venus is 584 days and its orbital radius is 0.723 A.U. The Sun’s angular...

Homework Statement A satellite of mass 600kg is in a circular orbit about the Earth at a height above the Earth equal to the Earth's mean radius. Find: a) the satellite's orbital speed b) the period of its revolution c) graviational force acting on it Homework Equations a) v^2 =...

I am trying to to teach myself the basics of quantum mechanics and need a bit of help. I am a non-mathematician so go easy on the maths in any reply. I think I have understood the difference between the wave function, probability density and probability distribution in terms of describing...

I am fairly new to astronomy, having just finished a course this past semester in high school, and I have a question about orbital velocity. Now, I know that the event horizon is the boundary at which the escape velocity is equal to the speed of light, but is there any significance to the...

Hi, This question might be a little too specific, but does anyone know how (or where I might find literature) to generate basis set files used by the program TURBOMOLE. I am attempting to fit simple gaussian orbitals to dummy atoms but no luck so far. Thanks

It bugs me: is it theoretically possible for orbital angular momentum to take fractional values? Which laws of physics should be changed to get that?

I don't know if this is a thermodynamics issue or a quantum mechanics one. It seems like there should be some relationship between the average heat and pressure of a system and the behavior of electrons orbiting nuclei. Does anyone know if there are any observations and experiments that have...

I have been told that there is no interaction between the gravitational fields of the sun and any planet, but the issue continues to stimulate my curiosity. If the Earth orbits the sun at 30km/s, how could anything achieve an orbital speed around Earth at greater than 30km/s without...

how is Hamiltonian energy of orbital differ from orbital in certain atom with another atom although the two orbital have the same no. of electrons... ex...Hamiltonian energy differ in lithium and hydrogen although both have one electron in last orbital please help me quickly

I was working on some side problems and came across one that confused me. Why is the magnitude of acceleration greatest at periapsis? I know that the a there is only centripetal a at that point. But if we look at another point, say theta = 90, there is both tangental and centripetal...

I'm trying to use the tensor formulation of GR to calculate the velocity of a particle in a circular orbit around a black hole. Here is the work I have done so far. What concerns me is that I end up getting zero velocity when applying the metric to the differential equations I get from the...

¿Are conserved the spin and orbital parts of the angular momentum? For example , we have a particle decay into two photons, and you want to see if the angular momentum is conserved: J(total angular momentum)=S(spin)+L(orbital) The question is: -¿only total J is conserved? (and s or l...

Might one place a telescope in Mars orbit, in order to obtain 6" to 1 ft resolution, looking for closeup geological views; such as mars' stromatolytic fossils, or mars' ice (rock) on the surface, in form of a smooth surface that seems a bit odd? Might billions year old Mars' ice be opaque to...

Homework Statement An electron has a magnetic quantum number m=2.What is the magnitude of the orbital magnetic moment. Homework Equations mu=eL/2m The Attempt at a Solution Now i figured that the above equation gives the magnitude of the orbital moment and the equation for the z...

Ok just a quick question trying to work out the orbital period of an asteroid around the sun which has an orbital period 4times that of the Earth which is 1.5*10^11m i worked out the radius of the asteroid to be 6*10^11 but can't find the equation for the orbital period. Does anyone know it...

Homework Statement a satellite has period T and orbital radius R. If you wish to increase the period to 8T what must the new orbital radius be? (answer is 4R, I just don't know how to get it) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

Homework Statement a satellite has a period of T and orbital radius R. If you wish to increase the period to 8T what must the new orbital radius be. (answer= 4T, I just don't know how they got it) Homework Equations R1 cubed/ T1 squared = R2 cubed/ T2 squared [FONT="Comic Sans MS"]...

Hi everyone, I'm really confused with a particular question: Homework Statement A space shuttle orbits the Earth at 6720 km from its centre. The gravitational field strength is 8.9N/kg. Calculate the shuttle's orbital period in minutes... Homework Equations g=4pi^2...

Homework Statement The orbital elements (a,e,i,w,Omega,f) are to be integrated forward in time using two methods: 1) Cowell's method, which is direct interation, and 2) Gauss' Variational diffeential equations. The full assignment description, initial conditions, and my code are given in the...

I was asked for the energy and orbital angular momentum of a hydrogen atom in the 6f state. Thus, with n = 6 I found E to be -0.378, a straightforward calculation. I am confused about L, though. L = sqrt[l(l+1)]. Since n = 6, I thought l = n-1, so L would be sqrt(30)*h-bar, but the answer is...

Homework Statement An Earth (mass M) satellite of mass m is in a circular orbit of radius r1. It is moved to an orbit with a larger radius r2 by way of an intermediate elliptical orbit. This is achieved by firing rockets for a short period when it is in the inner orbit, and then firing the...

Homework Statement GPS (Global Positioning System) satellites orbit at an altitude of 2.6×107 . Find the orbital period. Find the orbital speed of such a satellite. Homework Equations I would like to know how to approach this. I don't know where to start w/o other figures. The...

Homework Statement The mass of the sun is 2x10^30kg and the planet Jupiter averages an orbital distanceof 5.2 AU. Calculate the orbital speed (in mph) and orbital period (in Earth years) of Jupiter relative to the Sun: One AU is one Astronomical Unit which is the average earth-sun distance...

Homework Statement Considering a two-body problem, star-planet, prove that the angular momentum of the planet is given by: \begin{equation} {\cal L}_{e} = {\mu}\sqrt{GMa(1-e^2)}, \end{equation} $\mu$ is the reduced mass M is the star mass a and e are the semi-major axis and...

If specific orbital energy for an elliptical orbit is -\frac{\mu}{2a} , shouldn't that mean that the further from the Earth an orbit is the lower its specific orbital energy? The Wikipedia page on specific orbital energy (admittedly not the best source) indicates the opposite, and if it were...

Hello, We know that to calculate the orbital velocity we use the relation : Vo=2* pi* r /time of one cycle but if we want to calculate the orbital velocity when a body moves from the point a to the point b on a circular path we use the relation : Vo = The line segment ab / time...

This picture is from XPS and AES. Hi. sorry for my poor English first. As you can see from above picture, four electrons located at 2p orbital with energy state L3 have higher energy configuration than those of below 2p orbital. I'm wondering why these 4 electrons have higher energy. as...

Homework Statement (1) Which of the following clusters of orbitals would form the shape shown here http://session.masteringchemistry.com/problemAsset/1076900/19/1076900b.jpg and would also be possible within the valence shell of an atom? a.) one d orbital b.) five d orbitals c.) five sp^3...

Homework Statement Єr = 3.0, atomic density = 1028 atoms/m3. The mag. of the E-field is 10,000 [V/m]. Two electrons in outer orbital shell will distort with an applied E-field. If both both electrons follow some orbital path as a pair, find spacing between center of nucleus and average...

orbiting earth! Hope iposted this question in the right spot!. If i launched something in space and then stopped its forward momentum wouldnt the Earth gradually move away from it and pick it up again so to speak..a year later?

Homework Statement A spacecraft orbits around the Earth at a tangential speed v and a radius R, in accordance with the equation a_{c} = \frac{v^{2}}{R} . a) If the spaceship's engines exert a force parallel to its instantaneous vector of motion, what is the effect on the quantities...

I have a homework problem that involves the equation v=sqrt((g*R^2)/r) I am confused as to where this equation comes from. I know that Vcirc = sqrt((GM)/r) and Vesc = sqrt((2GM)/r)

Homework Statement Calculate the Orbital Period for the following: Earth's orbit to the Sun. I get stuck towards the end. I must use Newton's second law and have the Universal Law of Gravitation equal the Centrifugal Force. Newton's gravitational constant: G= 6.67*10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2 Mass of...

[b]1. A satellite has an orbital speed of 4.2 x 10^3 m/s. What is its altitude above Earth's surface? mass of earth= 5.98x10^24kg radius of Earth = 6.38x10^6m [b]2. acceleration and force are both centripetal a=(v^2)/r F=ma possibly v^2=(Gmg)/r [b]3. Need help with algebra h=...