States Definition and 1000 Threads

so all my american books have that label (i live in Europe) what content could possible be different between these two versions, i know you use the metric system for science just like us...is it that you keep all the juicy secrets in the us version??

So my initial question was whether or not light was considered matter. While googling this question, I came across this answer: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080717210504AAngJQO In the top answer given, it is inferred that photons (light) are included in the definition of...

1) What is adiabatic availability? 2) How can the state of a system change without changing amounts of constituents or without changing parameters? 3) Does anyone really use the concept of "adiabatic availability" other than Gyftoppoulas and Paolo? I am reading the book, "Thermodynamics...

Homework Statement It's easier to post a picture of the problem: Homework Equations In picture, and boson occupation number: \left\langle n_k \right\rangle = \frac{1}{e^{\beta E(k)} - 1} Where E is the energy of the state with k and \beta = 1/k_B T The Attempt at a Solution Goal: Find...

I was reading this article, http://www.nature.com/news/2009/090122/full/news.2009.50.html, and it was talking about how they 'teleported' a Ytterbium ion (Yb+) and mid-way through the article it said that they had to destroy the quantum state of the original Ytterbium ion and they did that by...

Homework Statement Let q be a mixed state which we mix from pure states. What are the weights we must take for the pure states, respectively? Let us start the solution with the two-state system. The Attempt at a Solution My problem is I can't decypher what the problem actually is, from...

Homework Statement the first two energy eigenstates of a 1 nm wide finite well of barrier height 8vo have energy eigen values of 0.66ε and 2.6ε. calculate the expectation value of a linear superposition of these states? Homework Equations airy equations The Attempt at a Solution...

Water at 0°C was placed in a dish inside a vessel maintained at low pressure by a vacuum pump. After a quantiti of water had evaporated, the remainder froze. If 9.31 g of ice at 0°C was obtained, how much liquid water must have evaporated? The heat of fusion of water is 6.01 kJ/mol and its heat...

speaking of solid, liquid, gas, and plasma, where in nature do these four states of matter interact to form a discrete system? the only example i know of, with my limited knowledge, is sun (plasma), Earth (solid), sea (liquid), and sky (gas) ... all work together to form something like a...

Could somebody point me in the right direction on how to go about starting this question please? In need of some guidance on where to begin. Homework Statement Calculate the separation between the two lowest energy states for an electron confined in an infinite potential well of width 1nm...

Hi, I'm taking an introductory course on solid state physics next semester, and the book the Professor has chosen is the 8th edition of Kittel. I have heard MANY bad things about this book, so I'm wondering if I should just use an earlier edition or another book entirely. Any...

Hi. I would appreciate if some one could help me with my question. But first some background: There is a classical problem of inverted pendulum under control. Pendulum can be put to UNSTABLE equlibrium and (if no control applied) it can put itself to STABLE equlibrium. So system under...

What is the meaning of "electron states"? I was seeing the energy level diagram of a semiconductor. I came across this term "no of electron states" along the x-axis. I couldn't understand the meaning of that. The diagram was similar to this-...

The ground state for two identical fermions in a box (in 1D) is given by: \psi (x_{1},x_{2})_{12} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{a}[sin(\pi x_{1}/a)sin(2\pi x_{2}/a) - sin(2\pi x_{1}/a)sin(\pi x_{2}/a)] The book I'm reading though says that this state is non degenerate, and that the next excited state...

Hello everyone, I was reading Ashos Das book on field theory, chapter 4.3, and I had this question. This expression: \begin{equation} \left< \psi_f | \psi_i \right> \end{equation} is the transition amplitude of two states. This expression: \begin{equation} \frac{ \left<...

I am the point where i need to learn about Density of states, how to explain the concept and how to then calculate it for different systems, however I am unable to find any texts that really explain it on an introductory level. If anyone knows any sources or text that have a good introductory...

So far, we've discovered this compositeness hierarchy: Atoms - bound states of electrons, nuclei, photons Nuclei - bound states of nucleons and other hadrons Hadrons - bound states of quarks and gluons So are any Standard-Model particles bound states of any other particles? The...

So, in QM making a measurement collapses the state into an eigenstate of that observable. Thus, if the system is properly isolated, then the same measurement should return the same value. But the eigenvalue for that state is degenerate, then does that mean the state might actually collapse to a...

examples of substances (elements or compounds) that sink in their liquid states. (solid state is denser than liquid state compared to water) :smile:

Hi there, I am reading several books on quantum mechanics and they mention some concepts on coherently and incoherently superpose a bunch of wave functions. As my understanding, if there are series of wave functions, which satisfying a certain distribution, the coherent way to calculate the...

If we consider two laser beams with identical 3 level energy level schemes except that the metastable state for one has a lifetime of 1μs and the other, 100μs. Which will give the brighter (more intense) beam? I gather that, since all things are identical up to the metastable state, the...

I've thought about dark matter and I'm wondering if it could possible be made up invisible bouond states of ordinary matter? Wikipedia says "According to consensus among cosmologists, dark matter is composed primarily of a new, not yet characterized, type of subatomic particle." But why a...

I wonder whether an electron can make a transition from one metastable state to an another metastable state, if so it leads to a paradox(atleast according to me) viz for the refrence frame of the metastable state A from which electron makes the transition, it will be a radiative transition and...

Would more people use marijuana? Would some people start using more frequently? Would prices go up or down? I don't know the answers. I think there would be some people who would now start using without worry of the law. However, there would also be some people who now view it as far...

Homework Statement Consider a gas of non interacting electrons in two dimensions with electronic density n by unit of area and mass m. The gas forms a square of sides L. 1)Assume periodic boundary conditions, find the density of states by unit of area. 2)Find the Fermi energy in function of...

Hi, All articles on spin liquids I've seen treat them as insulators. This is understandable in the context in which they were first introduced i.e. the resonating valence bond state in which every electron is singlet-ed with every other, and thus essentially blocking conduction. Given...

When you consider a electron L×L×L box, I think I understand how to derive the DOS-spectrum. Unfortunately, when a small change is made to the problem, I really don't understand what to do, so I probably don't understand the theory at all.. This is the question: Homework Statement Consider a...

In measuring the x component of angular momentum of a state, by using the expectation value calculation of Lx, i got i/3 h bar - i/3 h bar, does this means that the probability of h bar is i/3 and the probability of 0 h bar is 0 and the probability of -h bar is i/3? If so, when is the...

The variation method for approximating the the ground state eigenvalue, when applied to higher energy states requires that the trial function be orthogonal to the lower energy eigenfunctions.In that respect this book I am referring(by Leonard Schiff) mentions the following function as the...

http://dl.dropbox.com/u/33103477/harvesting.png So am I right in saying the 2 steady states are: N_1=\frac{h}{r}, N_2=\frac{1-h}{\alpha} Now plugging in N_1 into the equation I get: \frac{-h^2 \alpha}{r} < 0 So N_1 is stable. But I can't quite figure out how to classify...

Consider waves in a box. It is customary to calculate the density of states either by enforcing vanishing boundary conditions, then the wave numbers are k=\frac{n\pi}{L} and we take only positive k, or using periodic boundary conditions, in which case k=\frac{2n\pi}{L} and taking all wave...

There are a lot of coherent definitions of Hilbert spaces. Let's take the wikipedia one and let me ask you some cuestions: A Hilbert space: 1) Should be linear 2) Should have an inner product (the bra - ket rule to get an amplitude) 3) Should be complete (every cauchy sequence should be...

Homework Statement We have N non interacting particles in external field \vec{H}. The hamiltonian is given as H = -h\sum^{N}_{i=1}{\sigma_{i}} with \sigma =\pm 1 and h = - \mu |\vec{H}|. Calculate the number of states with given energy E with help of this relation: \Omega =...

Homework Statement density of states of photon gas is proportional to ... (a)E^1/2 (b)E (c)E^3/2 (d)E^2 Homework Equations i know the relation for density of states of electrons which is proportional to E^1/2. So far i was thinking that electrons and photons shares the same...

I want to know if a quantum computing model exists where you can prepare two different states on n qubits and interfere (i.e. add) them together. For example, for two qubits, consider the states (|00> + |01>)/√2 and -(|00> + |10>)/√2 (both pretty easy to prepare in most quantum computing...

Hi all, I've recently been reading about the Unruh effect, and there are a few things that I'm not very clear on: 1) An accelerating observer will see a vacuum filled with particles in thermal equilibrium (a warm gas) where an inertial observer would see zone. I'd originally read that...

Hi there, I know in this article - http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1203/1203.4834.pdf - the authors discard the clicks at H at output b" with V at output c" (and vice versa), saying they are seperable states regardless of whether the decision to perform a bell-state measurement on photons #2...

Homework Statement I'm having a hard time trying to figure out where to start. I know I have to assume the diode states and then calculate if the assumptions work within the circuit. The Attempt at a Solution None as yet because I'm never sure where to start on these circuits...

Homework Statement how many possible quantum states for a nitrogen atom with electronic configuration of 1s22s22p3 Homework Equations ? The Attempt at a Solution So, the answer for this question is 20, but I can't for the life of me find out how. The book we're given is...

Can anyone help me find out how to work out how many different quantum states are there in the Hydrogen atom with principal quantum number n = 6 and orbital quantum number l = 1? Any help?

http://dl.dropbox.com/u/33103477/model.png Form of the equation \gamma -\delta p_t = \frac{p_{t-1}-\alpha}{\beta} or p_t = \frac{-1}{\delta \beta}p_{t-1} + \frac{\alpha + \gamma \beta}{\delta \beta} So the steady state is p^* = \frac{\alpha + \gamma \beta}{\delta \beta + 1}...

Does the proton have n-pole excited states? Or n-pole excited states exist only for A>1?

Cubic Population Model with steady states ! I am unsure as what this question means: Consider the cubic population model: dN/dt = cN(N-k)(1-N) where c>0 and 0<k<1 If the the initial populations is N_0 describe without proof the future of the population, distinguish the various cases on...

Homework Statement Consider a system made of 4 quantum fermions that can access 10 distinct states respectively with energies: En=n/10 eV with n=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 1) Write the expression for the entropy when the particles can access all states with equal probability 2) Compute...

When metals such as sodium react with an acid, a salt and hydrogen gas is produced. and we know for sure the oxidation state of sodium in the compound will be +1. But for other metals such as iron, when they rest with acids which oxidation state do I use? I'm unsure if I'm supposed to use the...

In a semiconductor @ 0k highest energy state lie on fermilevel(all electrons @ valence band). but @ room temperature highest energy state of covelence band lie below the fermilevel. how can i understand this? pls help me.

Hey everyone, so I recently watched a vid that talked about Googol and googolplex sized universes, and their implications quantum mechanically. Supposedly, the number of quantum states that the particles that make up our body can make is something like 10^10^70. The physicist then said...

I am doing my thesis in quantum information and I am learning the background of it, I met this two things mixed and pure states. I have read a few books and a few articles too. But I still can not get the idea. So If anyone can give some help explaining this, would be such a good help. Either if...

I saw this today, thought some of you might find it interesting (as I did). Product states do not violate Bell inequalities. Entangled states do, and this draws a clear line between the quantum world and the classical world. So imagine my surprise with this: a paper that shows that even...

What is the theory behind dividing human society into Countries and States? Do the taxes collected from people on a state are meant to be spend for the welfare of the State alone or we sometimes spend the money to help other 'poorly doing' states? In a more general perspective, are we trying...