How to Prove the Integral Property for Definite Integrals

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving the integral property for definite integrals, specifically using the substitution method. Participants highlight the symmetry of the sine function around π/2, suggesting the substitution t = π/2 + x as a potential approach. Ultimately, the substitution x = π - t is confirmed as effective for proving the integral property before solving the integral itself. This method is essential for understanding the behavior of definite integrals involving trigonometric functions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of definite integrals and their properties
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions, particularly sine
  • Knowledge of substitution methods in calculus
  • Basic skills in solving calculus problems
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of definite integrals in calculus
  • Learn about trigonometric function symmetries and their implications
  • Practice substitution techniques in integral calculus
  • Explore advanced integral solving methods, including integration by parts
USEFUL FOR

Students preparing for calculus exams, educators teaching integral calculus, and anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of definite integrals and trigonometric properties.

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Homework Statement


Today i had a test on definite integrals which i failed. The test paper was given to us so we can practise at home and prepare better for the next one. This is the first problem which i need your help in solving::
Test.JPG


Homework Equations


3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B]
As no points were given for a solution of the below integrals without the proof of the integral property above i need to do that first. I had no idea how to start the proof. I figured i need to use some sort of substitution but i fail to see which and why. Could you give me a hint on how to do this? I know i haven't provided any work done by myself but i can't since i can't start. I didn't have a clue calculus was going to be this hard :/.
Thanks
 
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The key here is that ##sin(x)## is symmetric around ##pi/2##. Hence the substitution ##t=pi/2+x## may be of use. You then see that a term in your new expression should disappear.
 
Incand said:
The key here is that ##sin(x)## is symmetric around ##pi/2##. Hence the substitution ##t=pi/2+x## may be of use. You then see that a term in your new expression should disappear.

I think you probably meant something more like ##x=\pi-t##.
 
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The substitution ##x = \pi - t ## does indeed do the trick for proving the proposition before solving the given integral.
 
nuuskur said:
The substitution ##x = \pi - t ## does indeed do the trick for proving the proposition before solving the given integral.
Yeah i did it with the substitution you proposed but how did you arrive at it?
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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