Hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water

In summary, haloalkanes are generally insoluble in water due to the insufficient polarity of their C-X bonds. However, tetrafluoromethane, which has a more polar C-F bond, is still nearly insoluble in water at room temperature due to the lack of polarity in its overall structure. This means that hydrogen bonds cannot form between tetrafluoromethane and water molecules, despite the difference in electronegativity between their respective atoms.
  • #1
davon806
148
1

Homework Statement


My textbook wrote that haloalkanes are generally insoluble in water.It is because the polar
C-X bonds are not polar enough to make the haloalkanes soluble in water.

Consider tetrafluoromethane
Difference in electronegativity between F and C = 4.0 - 2.5 = 1.5
Difference in electronegativity between O and H = 3.5 - 2.1 = 1.4
Difference in electronegativity between F and H = 4.0 - 2.1 = 1.9

So C-F bond is more polar than O-H bond in water,and much more polar than F-H bond
Therefore hydrogen bonds should form between a F atom in tetrafluoromethane and a H atom in a water molecule.

However,according to the data provided in wikipedia,tetrafluoromethane is nearly insoluble in water at r.t.p.,can anyone explain?

Thx

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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  • #2
Hydrogen Bond is a special case of a dipole-dipole attraction. It works between polar molecules. The group participating in H-Bonding must hence be polar. And obviously Tetrafluoromethane is non-polar.
 

1. What is a hydrogen bond?

A hydrogen bond is a type of attractive force between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom, such as oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen. It is a weaker bond compared to covalent or ionic bonds, but it is important in determining the structure and properties of many substances, including water.

2. How does the hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water form?

The hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and water (H2O) forms due to the difference in electronegativity between the two molecules. The fluorine atoms in CF4 are highly electronegative, causing the hydrogen atoms in water to be slightly positively charged. This allows for an electrostatic attraction between the two molecules, forming a hydrogen bond.

3. What is the strength of the hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water?

The strength of a hydrogen bond varies depending on the specific molecules involved. However, in the case of the hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water, it is considered a weak bond. The strength of a hydrogen bond is typically only a fraction of the strength of a covalent bond.

4. What are the effects of the hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water on their properties?

The hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water affects the properties of both molecules. The presence of the hydrogen bond can increase the boiling point and melting point of the substances, as well as their solubility in each other. It can also impact the molecular structure and reactivity of the molecules.

5. How does the hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water contribute to intermolecular forces?

The hydrogen bond between tetrafluoromethane and water is one type of intermolecular force. Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules and are responsible for the physical properties of substances. In the case of these two molecules, the hydrogen bond is one of the main intermolecular forces that contribute to their ability to attract and interact with each other.

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