Integration via complex exponential

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on finding the general function \( f(t) \) such that \( \frac{d^2f}{dt^2} = e^{-3t} \cos(2t) \). The solution involves integrating the expression twice, utilizing complex exponentials for simplification. The integration process reveals that expressing cosine in terms of complex exponentials simplifies the calculation, leading to the result \( f(t) = \frac{e^{-3t}}{13}(-3 \cos(2t) + \sin(2t)) + C \). The discussion emphasizes the importance of recognizing integration techniques involving complex numbers.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of second-order differential equations
  • Familiarity with complex exponentials and Euler's formula
  • Knowledge of integration techniques, particularly with exponential functions
  • Experience with trigonometric identities and their complex forms
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of integrating functions involving complex exponentials
  • Learn about solving second-order differential equations with constant coefficients
  • Explore the application of Euler's formula in solving differential equations
  • Investigate advanced integration techniques, including integration by parts and substitution
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying differential equations, complex analysis, and integration techniques. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of solving differential equations using complex exponentials.

tylersmith7690
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Homework Statement



Using the complex exponential, nd the most general function f such that

\frac{d^2f}{dt^2} = e-3t cos 2t , t all real numbers.


Homework Equations


I'm having a lot of trouble with this question, my thinking is to integrate once and then one more time to undo the second derivative. However I am wondering if there is a trick to do this as i know there is a trick to doing it when say finding the 45th derivative of say e^t cos 5t.


The Attempt at a Solution



d/dt = ∫ e-3t cos (2t) dt

= e-3t . Re(e2ti
= Re ∫ e(-3+2i)[t/SUP]
= Re[ 1/(-3+2i) . e(-3+2i)t ] + C
= Re [ 1/(-3+2i) . (-3-2i/-3-2i) . e(-3+2i)t ] + C
= Re [ \frac{-3-2i}{13} . e-3(cos2t+isin2t)
= Re [ \frac{e^-3t}{13} .( -3 cost t + sin 2t - i(3sin 2t + 2 cos 2t) +C

= \frac{e^-3t}{13}(-3 cos 2t + sin 2t) +C

What is next to do or is there a trick in an earlier step?
 
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You just have to integrate twice. The friendly advice is to express the cosine with complex exponentials. Then the task is pretty simple, as you'll see immediately!
 
Yeah looking back i see the trick is just to square the ((1/-3i_2))
 

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