Solving Integration by Parts Problem: \int\frac{dx}{a^2-x^2}

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SUMMARY

The integral problem discussed is solving \(\int\frac{dx}{a^2-x^2}\) using partial fraction decomposition. The user Courtrigrad correctly decomposes the integrand into \(\frac{A}{a+x} + \frac{B}{a-x}\) and finds the coefficients \(A = \frac{1}{2a}\) and \(B = \frac{1}{2a}\). The final result is confirmed as \(\frac{1}{2a}\ln\mid\frac{a+x}{a-x}\mid + C\), aligning with the table of integrals. The user expresses uncertainty regarding the integration of \(\int\frac{dx}{a-x}\), but the solution is validated through proper application of logarithmic properties.

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  • Familiarity with partial fraction decomposition.
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  • Review techniques for partial fraction decomposition in rational functions.
  • Study the properties of logarithms in calculus, particularly in integration.
  • Practice solving integrals involving absolute values and their implications.
  • Explore advanced integration techniques, such as trigonometric substitution for integrals of the form \(\int\frac{dx}{a^2-x^2}\).
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those focusing on calculus, integral techniques, and mathematical analysis. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of integration methods and logarithmic functions.

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Problem:
\int\frac{dx}{a^2-x^2}
My Work:
\frac{1}{a^2-x^2}
=\frac{1}{(a+x)(a-x)}=\frac{A}{a+x}+\frac{B}{a-x}}
1=A(a-x)+B(a+x)
If x=a, then 1=2Ba so B=\frac{1}{2a}
Thus 1=A(a-x)+\frac{1}{2a}(a+x)
if x=0, then 1=Aa+\frac{1}{2} so A=\frac{1}{2a}
SO
\int\frac{dx}{a^2-x^2}
=\int\frac{\frac{1}{2a}}{a+x}+\frac{\frac{1}{2a}}{a-x}dx
=\frac{1}{2a}\int\frac{dx}{a+x}+\frac{1}{2a}\int\frac{dx}{a-x}
=\frac{1}{2a}\ln\mid a+x\mid +\frac{1}{2a}\ln\mid a-x\mid(-1)
=\frac{1}{2a}(\ln\mid a+x\mid -\ln\mid a-x\mid)
=\frac{1}{2a}\ln\mid\frac{a+x}{a-x}\mid +C

Table of integrals gives correct answer as
=\frac{1}{2a}\ln\mid\frac{x+a}{x-a}\mid +C

My gut feeling is that I messed up integrating \int\frac{dx}{a-x} but I can't find my error.
Any help would be appreciated.
 
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Its the same thing, because its in absolute values.
 
:redface: Thanks, Courtrigrad.
 

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