What is the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium?

In summary, the conversation discusses the problem of calculating the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium based on the given equilibrium constant and initial pressures of nitrogen and hydrogen. The use of an ICE table is suggested, but it is noted that the problem may not make sense as there is no way to determine the total pressure without more information. The conversation then delves into the accuracy of the ideal gas law and suggests solving the problem both ways for better understanding.
  • #1
ThatDude
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Homework Statement



Ammonia gas decomposes to nitrogen and hydrogen spontaneously with an equilibrium constant, Kp = 5.9 x 109. Calculate the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium given that the partial pressure of nitrogen and hydrogen are both 2.7 atm initially.

[Hint: If you need to use anything more than a second order equation you are on the wrong track]

2.The attempt at a solution

I tried constructing an ICE table, but it ends up being a 3rd degree equation.
 
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  • #2
Kp is so high you can safely assume (almost) everything decomposed.
 
  • #3
Sorry, this problem makes no sense. Ptot = Pn+Ph+Pa at all times, right? You are given that Ph=Pn=2.7 initially. What does this mean? That Pa = 0?, = 0.00001?, = 2.7?, = 100000? There is NO way to determine what the total pressure is at ANY time, unless you know something more than what is given. So, I suppose who ever wrote this meant AT EQUILIBRIUM rather than "initially". Then its simple.
Oh, I should also note (although you need to ignore this and pretend the ideal gas law is perfect) that the IDL is generally correct to between 0.5% and 7% with some outliers at 15% depending on how low the temperature is and how high the pressure is (and how close you are to any critical point). Why is the relevant? Well we know for sure that the pressure is about 5.4 atm (even if we assume Pa is 0, initially (which is another way to solve it, and is probably as valid as assuming the author screwed up by using "initially" - for brownie points solve it both ways. :) )
Anyway, 0.5% of 5 atm is 0.025 atm - meaning that the calculated Pa isn't going to be anywhere CLOSE to the actual Pa. a=ammonia, h = hydrogen, and n = nitrogen - I assume you get that.
 
Last edited:

1. What is partial pressure equilibrium?

Partial pressure equilibrium refers to the state in which the partial pressures of all the gases in a mixture are equal throughout the system. This occurs when there is no net movement of gas molecules between different regions of the system.

2. How is partial pressure equilibrium achieved?

Partial pressure equilibrium is achieved through the process of diffusion, where gas molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until the partial pressures are equalized. This process continues until there is no longer a difference in partial pressures between different regions of the system.

3. What is the importance of partial pressure equilibrium in gas mixtures?

Partial pressure equilibrium is important in gas mixtures because it allows for the exchange of gas molecules between different regions of the system. This enables the system to maintain a stable balance of gases and ensures that all regions are equally exposed to the gases present in the mixture.

4. How does temperature affect partial pressure equilibrium?

Temperature has an effect on partial pressure equilibrium because it influences the rate of diffusion. Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of gas molecules, causing them to move more quickly and leading to a faster equalization of partial pressures. Conversely, lower temperatures result in slower diffusion and a longer time to achieve partial pressure equilibrium.

5. What factors can disrupt partial pressure equilibrium?

Partial pressure equilibrium can be disrupted by changes in temperature, pressure, or the introduction of a new gas into the system. These changes can alter the rate of diffusion and lead to a shift in partial pressures, causing the system to no longer be in equilibrium. External factors such as wind or movement can also disrupt partial pressure equilibrium in a gas mixture.

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