Is Work Done During Changes in State?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on whether work is done during phase changes like melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation, and condensation. It highlights that for work to occur, a force must act over a distance, prompting questions about the role of atmospheric pressure. Participants clarify that if the force causes movement, then work is indeed being done. The conversation concludes with an understanding that the application of force in these processes can result in work being done. Overall, the key takeaway is the relationship between force, movement, and work during state changes.
DarylMBCP
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I'm not rlly sure whther work is being done during melting or frdeezing. How abt during boiling, evaporation and condensation. I knw that for work to be done, a force has to be done over a certain distance. However, I'm not sure if the force required to overcome atmospheric pressure is considered as work being done. Pls help. Thanks.
 
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Well, you obviously know that there is a force... now is there a (nonzero) distance? In other words, does the force make something move? If so, then work is being done.
 
Oh, I see. I get it! Thanks for the help.
 
Thread 'Variable mass system : water sprayed into a moving container'

Thread 'Variable mass system : water sprayed into a moving container'

Starting with the mass considerations #m(t)# is mass of water #M_{c}# mass of container and #M(t)# mass of total system $$M(t) = M_{C} + m(t)$$ $$\Rightarrow \frac{dM(t)}{dt} = \frac{dm(t)}{dt}$$ $$P_i = Mv + u \, dm$$ $$P_f = (M + dm)(v + dv)$$ $$\Delta P = M \, dv + (v - u) \, dm$$ $$F = \frac{dP}{dt} = M \frac{dv}{dt} + (v - u) \frac{dm}{dt}$$ $$F = u \frac{dm}{dt} = \rho A u^2$$ from conservation of momentum , the cannon recoils with the same force which it applies. $$\quad \frac{dm}{dt}...
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