Special relativity Definition and 1000 Threads

Homework Statement In an inertial reference frame ##S## is given the four-potential: $$A^\mu=(e^{-kz}, e^{-ky},0,0)$$ with ##k## a real constant. ##A^\mu## fullfills the Lorentz gauge? And the Coulomb gauge? Which is the four-potential ##A'^\mu## in a reference frame ##S'## which is moving...

In a physics video on YouTube it's told that moving away from an object causes eextension of the length. (Link: from 6:00, but video is Norwegian) Imagine: From planet B to planet C, the distance is 20 light years. And from planet A to planet B the distance is 20 light years. We are on...

Homework Statement Let's have a three-particle decay of equal mass ##m##; in the CM frame the three particles have equal energy ##E## and they form angles of ##\frac{2\pi}{3}## between each other. Which is the angle between two of the three particles in the rest frame of the other one. (The...

A rocket is in constant velocity. The velocity of the rocket is 150Mm/s (or 0.5 of the speed light, or 150 million meters per second) relative to us (we as observer). We observe two lights, one moving in parallell with the rocket, another is moving in the opposite direction. Below I have made...

Homework Statement A photon hits a proton at rest in the laboratory frame and there is the process: $$\gamma + p \rightarrow n+\pi^+$$ The mass of the pion is ##m_\pi## and assuming that the masses of the proton and the neutron are the same (##m##): Finding the threshold energy of the foton...

Greg Bernhardt submitted a new PF Insights post Rindler Motion in Special Relativity: Hyperbolic Trajectories Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

Homework Statement My professor gave us a werid question which is as follows In the laboratory frame, two clocks are synchronized and measure two light sources at the same time situated at 3 years in time axis and 3 light years and 2 light years in x-axis >At what velocity is the frame ##S'##...

Greg Bernhardt submitted a new PF Insights post "Classical Physics Is Wrong" Fallacy Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

I have been learning SR from various sources. Most of the time from Feyman's Lectures but that's not the only place. In II_26 he gives the transformation for the E-field of a moving charge in the x direction under a standard Lorentz configuration. In Eqn 26.11 he derives a formula for the Ex...

Homework Statement This is more of a solution check than an actual problem, but I didn't see any other fitting thread to post this on. I'm starting to learn special relativity and have received 2 starting questions on the subjects, I solved them to the best of my abilities but have no actual...

Homework Statement A light-clock (a photon traveling between two mirrors) has proper length l and moves longitudinally through an inertial frame with proper acceleration ##\alpha## (ignore any variation of a along the rod). By looking at the time it takes the photon to make one to-and-fro...

Homework Statement A Higgs particle of mass M is moving in the z-direction with speed $\Beta_H$c compared to the lab system. It decays to a b-quark ans anti-b quark, each of mass m. What is the speed and direction of the b-quark compared to the lab-system, if the Higgs system, (a) it is emitted...

I'm in the process of learning special relativity (SR), and I'm a bit confused as to why the relativistic energy dispersion relation ##E^{2}=m^{2}c^{4}+p^{2}c^{2}## gives the energy for a free particle? I get that it is the sum of (relativistic) kinetic energy plus the rest mass term (a...

Homework Statement I was re-reading my old Relativity book (by Rindler) and taking a look at some of the problems. He asks: Using a Minkowski diagram to establish the following result: Given two rods of rest lengths ##l_1## and ##l_2 (l_2 < l_1)##, moving along a common line with relativity...

This ties into this thread https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/i-want-to-know-the-exact-problems-of-merging-gr-and-qm.939509/ , I would like to know SR/GR's opinion of QM/QFT. I need both sides of the story.

This thread is I want a set of experts in the subject to show me the exact math of why Einstein's field Equations along with Special Relativity and Schrodinger's Equation along with deeper QM like QFT cannot be fused with GR. I want to see the exact anomalies in the equations myself from the...

Homework Statement Finding the maximum mass ##M_x## which can be made from a collision of identical particles with mass ##m##, in the laboratory frame, in which one particle is at rest and the other one has energy ##E##. The reaction is the following: ##a+b \rightarrow a+b+x##.The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement Consider an inertial laboratory frame S with coordinates (##\lambda##; ##x##). The Lagrangian for the relativistic harmonic oscillator in that frame is given by ##L =-mc\sqrt{\dot x^{\mu} \dot x_{\mu}} -\frac {1}{2} k(\Delta x)^2 \frac{\dot x^{0}}{c}## where ##x^0...

Homework Statement A rocket is flying away from the Earth with a costant acceleration ##a## in a frame in which the rocket is at rest. Finding the equation of motion (the relation between the distance from the Earth and the terrestrial time). Showing that there is a maximum time ##T## after the...

1. Homework Statement Why does the non-relative simultaneous frame have an additional term of ##v \Delta t## along with the contracted length ## L ## for ## \Delta x ##? 2. Homework Equations ## L + v \Delta t = \Delta x ## ---- (1) ## \Delta x = \gamma \Delta x' = \gamma L_{\star} ## ----...

Homework Statement In the inverse Compton scattering there is a particle, with energy ##E## in the laboratory frame and mass at rest ##m##, which collide head on with a photon with energy ##E_\gamma##. Finding the maximum energy the photon can have after being scattered. The Attempt at a...

Homework Statement Finding the maximum scattering angle of a particle whose mass in ##m_1## which hits with relativistic velocity ##v## a particle at rest with mass ##m_2<m_1##. The Attempt at a Solution I've written the 4-momenta (p before the collision, k after the collision and the z-axis...

Homework Statement In a reference frame ##S## there is a particle with mass ##m## and charge ##q## which is moving with velocity ##\vec{u}## in an electric field ##\vec{E}## and in a magnetic field ##\vec{B}##. Knowing the relativisitc laws of motion for a particle in an EM field, find the...

MinutePhysics is attempting to produce a series of video lessons on Special Relativity, using an approach, according to the video, that will be different and "simpler" than the traditional method that SR has been taught in schools. Since we often get questions on here about this topic...

Homework Statement In frame S particle 1 is at rest and particle 2 is moving to the right with velocity u. Now consider a frame S 0 which, relative to S, is moving to the right with velocity v. Determine the value of v such that the two particles appear in S' to be approaching each other with...

If I am wasting anyone's time, please advise so I can leave and find another source to assist me in my quest. I have been thinking about the theory of General and Special Relativity for most of my life. When I was 16 years old, I saw a documentary about Einstein and how he used his thoughts as...

I know this is a naive question that has almost certainly been brought up numerous times before, but my search abilities seem not to be sufficient for finding a good answer, so if anyone just refers me, that would be fine. The question: Special relativity concerns comparisons between pairs of...

Homework Statement In the inertial frame ##S'## the standard lattice clocks all emit a 'flash' at noon. Prove that in ##S##, this flash occurs on a plane orthogonal to the ##x##-axis and traveling in the positive ##x##-direction at speed ##\frac{c^2}{v}##. Homework Equations Lorentz...

Hi everyone, I'm struggling to grasp simultaneity in Special Relativity. Since I am struggling conceptually, I have posted my question here. But if you think this problem I made up modified should go to homework, I apologise (and feel free to move it). Suppose we have two light sources...

fHomework Statement Question b: Homework Equations E2=c2p2+m2c4 The Attempt at a Solution We have c2pinitial2=E02-m2c4, and Ef2=c2p2+m2c4 for each outgoing proton. Combining those equations we get c2p2=Ef2-E02+c2pinitial2. I don't know where to go from here.

Hi everyone, Im a little bit confused about deBroglies procedure on introducing his famous Matterwave formula. People already knew that the wavelength of the light was equal to Lambda = h/p. The term p comes from the energy-momentum formula; for the light the restmass = 0 so E =pc etc. As...

Homework Statement If a spacecraft is traveling to a star which is located at a distance of 1 lightyear and it would take the spacecraft 1 year to reach the star in its own frame, how fast would the spacecraft actually fly? Also, how long would the journey take for an observer on Earth...

This problem bothered me many years ago when I was taking a university course in quantum mechanics, but I assumed it was due to an error on my part which I, however, couldn’t locate, and I didn’t ask my course instructor about it. Recently, when researching a q.m. question on the Internet...

This is probably extremely wrong I just want to know how. If photons don't experience time doesn't that mean they are every where at once, and if that is true doesn't part of quantum physics say before a particle is observed its in all the states it can be in? So doesn't that apply in that sense...

Good evening. I think I've got it as far as time dilation is concerned. Could someone please let me know if this calculation is correct? - From frame C( stationary camera) Bob is moving at 50,000KM/second parallel to Alice's path - Bob is also 50,000KM behind Alice on the parallel path - Bob's...

I know that c is the same in all reference frames. I am trying to understand the rail car thought experiment. I've got it down pretty well except for one part - the difference between an observer moving toward a light source versus an observer moving away from a light source at the same...

Hi pf, When I was taught about SR, I was told it was one of the most successful theories in science and has been verified over and over again. However, I have been watching some videos online and wanted some guidance. I initially came across this: <link deleted> This guy claims to have a PhD...

Special Relativity dictates that if there is relative motion between two objects; their relative experience of time will change and this is measurable at velocities approaching 'c'. Within the context of the Double-slit Experiment (with detection): When a given quantum-duality is detected by a...

Homework Statement Two spaceships fly toward a space station as shown in the figure. Relative to the station, spaceship A has speed 0.8c. Relative to the station, what speed is required of spaceship B such that its pilot sees A and the station approach B at the same speed? (a) 0.40c (b) 0.50c...

I'm reading "Bang!", by Brian May, Patrick Moore and Chris Lintott. On page 40, they say: "So one [observer] may believe A preceded B by a minute, and another that A and B were simultaneous, it is impossible for any observer to see B preceding A. Hence cause and effect are preserved..." But in...

Homework Statement How can we tell that quantum effects do not propagate along forward light-cones that represent two separate events? How do light-cones demonstrate this notion of quantum effects? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution We don't know which events occur first given...

Hi, I've been following a derivation of relativistic kinetic energy. I've seen other ways to get the end result but I'm interested in finding out where I've gone wrong here: I'm struggling with integrating by parts. The author goes from...

When expanding Kinetic energy as T=mc2-m0c2 where m0=rest mass and m=m0/sqrt(1-β2) the first term correction is coming out to be -p4/8m03c2 but taking T=E-m0c2 where E=sqrt(c^2p^2+m02c4) the correction is coming to be 3p^4/8m03c2 is there any contradiction?

Consider single line motion. If an observer sees two objects, and one is seen moving say 50 m/s faster than the other, will all other observers measure the same velocity difference? The answer seems to be 'No' from the velocity addition formula of special relativity? Thus same velocity...

Hello everyone, For some time I'm a little bit confused about (at the first view) a very simple question, which is about the conversation of the energy of moving objects (in terms of special relativity). As an example let's talk about firearms. If the mass of the gun M1 is infinitely higher...

Homework Statement An electric dipole instantaneously at rest at the origin in the frame K' has potentials \Phi'=\mathbf{p}\cdot\mathbf{r}'/r'^3 and \mathbf{A}'=0 (and thus only an electric field). The frame K' moves with uniform velocity \mathbf{v}=\vec{\beta }c in the frame K. Show that in...

Hi, If a particle is within 2 m/s of the speed of light (like at CERN) and then more energy is transferred to the particle, where does this energy go? Some sources I have read talk about relativistic mass getting bigger and approaching infinity as a particle approaches 'c'. However, this source...

I am having a hard time trying to understand this transformation from lorentz:https://imgur.com/a/WYWMO (You should ignore the spanish part and just focus on the math). I can’t understand well why they turn into what you can see in the second picture, when taking really small values of x...

Hello. I want to clear a doubt on Special Relativity, time dilation and clocks. If we get an accurate clock and make it orbit the, for example, Earth very, very fast, will the actual mechanical clock lag behind from the accurate clocks on Earth? The thing in this question is about the actual...

Homework Statement Anna and Bob are both born just as Anna's spaceship passes Earth at 0.9c. According to Bob on Earth, Planet Z is a fixed 30 ly away. As Anna passes Planet Z on her continuing outward journey, what will be (a) Bob's age according to Bob, (b) Bob's age according to Anna, (c)...