Glass Definition and 635 Threads

... compared to a opaque materials electrons. Is it the amount of electrons in the atoms shells ?If you have a four inch cubic block of glass, and carbon, light passes through the glass no problem, but the carbon will absorb some red, yellow, green, and blue light, but if you look at the carbon...

I understand that the refractive index of different materials affects the speed of light but does light change speed in glass when entering from air at different angles of incidence?? if not what causes the variation in lateral displacement?

Hello everybody I am an architecture student working on a facade system and because I do not have much physics knowledge I stumbled across a question I can't answer myself: If my facade is actually a thin parallelipiped glass tank filled with water, how do I measure the temperature changes of...

Homework Statement [/B] A student wants to find the refractive index of a rectangular block of glass. He draws around the block and marks the position of a ray of light that travels through the block. With the block removed, the student can draw in a normal line and then measure the angle of...

Hi, I'm stuck on part b) of the question below: Q: In order to perform pH determinations with a glass electrode, the cell potential was measured for threestandard solutions with the following pH values at 25 C: 2.04, 7.05, and 9.20. The cell voltage readout(in mV) for each of the above solutions...

Homework Statement vertical glass tube with height of 2H. H is 760mm. the lower half is full of an unknown gas. the upper half is full of mercury. The gas gets heated so it pushes the mercury out of the glass tube. What temperature must the gas be heated to? here is the photo if, for some...

Hi all, I have had a problem in etching Borosilicate glass using BOE (6:1). As etching continues in the channel, the photoresist near the channel gradually peels off and when etching finishes (100nm), the lateral distance of peeled-off resist is big--about 6 microns. Anybody have a great...

Hi All! I have an assignment from University that involves finite element analysis of a glass lifting body using Catia. Problem is in order to set the value for loading correctly, I need the frictional coefficient for glass when in contact with rubber. I tried looking online and couldn't get...

my dog jumped on table and dropped a drinking glass to the floor. obviously i took a brush and cleaned it. later on my dad comes and starts yelling that i should have vacuumed that. he said that the glass for some reason breaks into small little dust that will penetrate thru your bare feet skin...

A low-e coating in double glazing should reflect long wavelength infrared rays (LWIR, 8-15 µm). However, glass absorbs LWIR. (For example, thermal imaging camera's cannot see through glass.) Are long wave infrared rays able to reach the low-e coating?

If you fill a glass jar with water, or any other liquid, then seal the jar tightly , then heat the jar, will the jar break as the liquid inside tries to boil? Is it a dangerous experiment to try?

So I just poured water in a glass to clench my thirst. Hit the 2/3 empty glass with a pen and a high frequency started resonating for a brief moment, which I percepted as sound. When I tilted the glass the tilt resulted in change of frequency. When the glass was empty there was no change in...

Why is a smooth clean piece of glass transparent but not invisible?

How much or what percentage of visible light is absorbed by glass, and how much glass would it take to completely stop a laser beam in the visible spectrum?

Homework Statement So we have a glass consisting of a 10 cm long cylinder on top of a 1 cm long bottom standing on a table. The radius is 3 cm. For every x in [0, 10] we let h(x) be the height of the center of mass when we fill the glass with x cm water. That is, h(x) is the distance from the...

When looking through polarizing glasses at the rear window of a car (tempered glass), a black and white pattern appears. Supposedly, this is the same kind of birefringence that causes colored fringes in a plastic sheet, seen through a polarizer. It is clear that retardation and interference in...

The temperature at which the process is carried out is around 120 degree centigrade, however in the interior , the reaction temperature goes to around 1000 degree centigrade. How is it then , that the glass beaker in which the synthesis is carried out does not crack even at such high...

... transparent to sound. Hi, I am looking for a material that will have almost zero effect on the degradation of a sound wave as it passes through. It must be a flat surface. It will be used like this: Can any of you materials guys think of anything that would work? Thanks for any ideas.

The wikipedia article mentions that the model allows for "phase transitions" but doesn't specify what it means by this? What is a phase transition in the context of an ising spin glass? Is it when the mathematical model of a magnet, changes from solid to liquid? In this paper...

Homework Statement Homework Equations I know that yin = 0.7mm, y2 = 0mm, the index of refraction for the sphere is 1.8 and the indices of refraction for the air surrounding it is 1. The Attempt at a Solution Not sure how to even begin with the given information. I was thinking I could...

Why photon reflects and refracts through glass? Some photons pass through glass and some reflects.I know this is due to energy levels of electrons of glass, an incoming photon is unable to excite the electron to a different energy orbit. But I want to know, if an incoming photon is unable to...

How is the "speed of light in glass", or any other non-vacuum classical medium, defined at the quantum level? Between atoms, the photons are traveling exactly at c, right? As always, thanks in advance.

Hi the standard focal distance seems to be 45mm for vr headsets such as google cardboard. In other words there's a pair of convex lenses in front of your eyes with the screen being 45mm away from the lenses ... I am not sure why you can't use different lenses to reduce the focal distance to the...

I am looking over the supplies on University Wafer until I notice the following: link: https://order.universitywafer.com/default.aspx?cat=Borofloat%2033%20Glass&diam=100mm They sell quartz, fused silica and Borofloat glass as different products. I thought quartz and fused silica are the same...

Could a thin sheet of glass with appropriate edge angles work as a dispersion prism? If the prism were laying flat my thoughts are the light should be contained via TIR in a plane that would remain perpendicular to the top and bottom while said plane dispersed horizontally according to...

Statement: I need a suitable method and factor to investigate ONE factor that affects the angle of refraction. It has to be related to the context of everyday life and glasses, i.e. how glasses are used to focus light and the light focused is that of a refracted ray. Therefore factors such as...

I know the question is simple but why is glass transparent and what's in the material to adds up to those elements and all the physics behind it.

Homework Statement The coefficient of volume expansion of olive oil is 0.68 × 10-3 K-1. A 1-liter glass beaker is filled to the brim with olive oil at room temperature. The beaker is placed on a range and the temperature of the oil and beaker increases by 25 C°. As a result, 0.0167 liters of...

Hello, Stupid computer scientist student speaking here. I am looking to heat a few inch long glass tube with a OD of around 10mm and wall around 1.5mm wrapped in Nichrome wire to around 365F. Air will then be drawn through the tube to heat up herbs sitting about the glass tube. (vaporizer) I...

With laser pointers being so ubiquitous, everyone is familiar with the sight of interference patterns on paper, ground glass and other surfaces (not to mention more subtle experiments like this one): Quantum Eraser -- which has been discussed recently in other threads. We take it for granted...

Hi, apologies for the length of this, I'm hoping as a group you knowledgeable established or future Engineers and Physicists can help me out with a problem. I have been having a discussion with a colleague about expansion of a 6m x 7m integrally waterproofed (Kryton KIM) concrete slab roof that...

Homework Statement [/B] A glass marble is dropped down an elevator shaft and hits a thick glass plate on top of an elevator that is descending at a speed of 2.10 m/s. The marble hits the glass plate 7.5 m below the point from which it was dropped. If the collision is elastic, how high will the...

Homework Statement a) Starting from Equation 5-1, show that the group velocity can also be expressed as: vg = vp - λ(dvp/dλ) b) The phase velocity of each wavelength of white light moving through ordinary glass is a function of the wavelength; that is, glass is a dispersive medium. What is...

Homework Statement An object is placed 21 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature of 10 cm. A glass slab of thickness 3 cm and RI =1.5; is then placed close to the mirror. Find the position of the final image. Take distance of closer side of block as 1 cm from the mirror...

I'm anodically bonding a 0.5 mm silicon wafer to a 0.5 mm Pyrex 7740 glass wafer. My silicon wafer has a thick layer of oxide on its surface, and because it this insulating layer requires a high voltage to produce a strong bond. The setup that I constructed is illustrated below (using...

Hi, I'm trying to put together materials to demonstrate the Faraday Effect. I need to locate the supplier of some flint glass (glass with lead oxide or similar materials increasing the Verdet constant), that I could use in my lab. I had found this from Mansion Schools...

Preface: This isn't an actual project, just trying to get the design to be realistic for a 3D model in a video game. I know most pressure vessels are round and the overall shape of this one would be round, but it's very large (about half a football field large) so it would be composed of a...

One aspect of glasses that has confused me was the fact that the transition temperature Tg drops as you slow the rate of cooling. This has confused me because if the glass is slowly becoming more crystalline, then I would of thought that the Tg would start climbing up towards the crystal melt...

I'm working on a project for a bottling plant that is trying to make a vision-based machine to detect cracked glass bottles before they attempt to fill them. It seems that the vision & backlight approach is the standard way to do this in the industry, but the shape of the bottle in this...

Hi I was wondering if someone could tell me what kind of gases I could expect to see using an IR receiver between the wavelengths of 110 and 330 nm. As well as this id love to know what kind of glass could be used in order to not interfere with the actual results. Thanks a million

I am looking to improve the thermal insulation on one of my favorite glass mugs. I am choosing between a silicone glove or a neoprene wrap. What is the difference between a silicone baking mat and silicone rubber? Does silicone or neoprene have better thermal insulation?

Hi, I was tasked to design a composite material that will undergo a 3 point bending test. Maximum deflection will be of 15mm and a maximum load of 5kN. The scope of this task is not to prevent failure but to analyse the composite and learn from the design process. Nonetheless the composite...

how light particles can penetrate through glass?

Homework Statement Hello, I am international student, so sorry for possible mistakes in English. For our science night I naively choosed project, where I will try to calculate minimal necessary speed for thrown card to destroy glass (probably wine glass). There are two videos for illustration...

Hello all, I've got stuck with building a test rig for my PhD. I'd like to design a pressurised chamber with a window on. The temperature of the chamber and window will rise up to 500-600 C deg. I can calculate the stress in the window but I can not find any info on the ultimate...

Hello Forum, In the context of polymers, I have see two different temperatures being mentioned: T_g and T_m (T_g is the glass transition temperature and T_m the melting temperature). Which temperature should be considered for plastic extrusion applications? The melting temperature T_m? What...

How much heat energy is in a cubic meter of molten glass? I would like to know how much energy would be lost if a cubic meter of glass would be allowed to cool, instead of turning the energy into something else.

Hi, new member here, I know very little about physics so have no idea if this is a very basic question or not, but I was wondering if anyone knows the answer to the following: Does there exist a type of plastic or glass that (whilst remaining completely see through) can allow the user to see...

i don't understand if light cannot bend, then how magnify glass works? how it is bending & magnifying the light?

i have recently made a hollow prism for my science exhibition in my school ... to find refractive indices of fluids. i made it using 3 rectangular pieces of glass (0.5cm) on a glass triangular base ..with obviously a hollow part in the middle it worked perfectly fine with water i got n=1.33...