Optics Definition and 999 Threads

Homework Statement A penny is placed at the bottom of a glass cylinder that is 30 cm in height. If the cyclinder is filled to 2/5 its volume: How much closer to an eye does the coin appear when viewed from directly above? 2. The attempt at a solution I don't quite know how to...

Hello, as you might have guessed, my question revolves around thin film optics. My intention is: Given a two thin-film system residing on top of a semi-infinite (bulk) layer, how can I estimate the reflecting color (RGB preferably) when illuminated by white light? (Illustrated below). I...

Homework Statement In an experiment a laser beam is focussed on a sample by a lens. The sample has micro structures spatially separated by 5 microns. In the experiment, each micro-structure has to be studied individually using the laser, so that illumination of two or more adjacent...

why total internal reflection happens only when a beam of light travels from a medium with higher index of refraction to a medium with lower index of refraction and not the other way around (i.e from a medium with lower index of refraction to a medium with a higher one)?

Some of you may have see the pinhole method of seeing without having to use glasses. My question is this, could this same pinhole application of viewing clearly be useful in optical microscopes? And if so, can it be used in series? By my understanding the pinhole technique works by...

Homework Statement Laser light is projected into two small slits that are 1mm apart. The fringe pattern on the screen is missing the 4th bright fringe. That is, there is a bright center fringe and three more bright fringes to either side of the central bright fringe, but the 4th one is...

I am trying to model a shape T aperture through 2D rect functions. Both the horizontal and vertical 'lines' have length b and width a, and do not overlap. The origin should be taken to be the centre of the vertical line. The question has hinted at the function describing the aperture to be...

Homework Statement While you were looking at the reflection of your feet in a plane mirror, you saw a dark spot on the glass. Assuming your height is 1.50 m, and that the eyes are located 0.1 m below the top of the head (a) What is the distance between the spot and the floor? (b)...

Hi, I am new here and I've got lots of questions about optics physics. I hope everybody can help me out. First, please check my understanding of diffuse reflection: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/refln/u13l1d6.gif As shown in the diagram, I am sure that it will still follow the law of...

Is it possible to send enough light down a fibre optic cable to produce say 1000 Lumens? How would I go about calculating this? My thoughts here are using fibre optic cables to transfer light from the rooftops of buildings to the rooms inside. Is it possible? I know fibre optics are used to...

In the following diagram find the distance d if a=4.0 mm, Θ=30° n_asinΘ_a=n_bsinΘ_b: snells law a^2+b^2=c^2: pythagorean theorem I think I got the angle to the problem correct. I am not sure if this is correct. Is this correct Θ_b=sin^-1(1sin30/1.52)?

A narrow beam of sodium light (λ=5893 A) is incident from air on a smooth surface water at θ=35°. Find the refraction angle and wavelength in water. n=λ_0/λ:wavelength of light in a material n_asinΘ_a=n_bsinΘ_b: snells law n=c/v:index of refraction I tried using the wavelength of light...

Homework Statement These are problems from a Newton rings experiment where a lens was placed on a flat surface and the interference patterns created Newton rings. I measured the diameter of the first five rings and then plotted a graph of d^2 against N (number of the individual ring). These...

Homework Statement A farsighted woman cannot see objects clearly that are closer to her eye than 60.0 cm. Determine the focal length and power of the spectacle lenses that will enable her to read a book at a distance of 25.0 cm. Homework Equations The equation I have been using to find...

When dealing with lenses which have one curved/flat surface silvered why do we consider light to refract twice before hitting the silver side? This diagram should show what i mean: The way it appears to me is that after light enters the un-silvered surface it refracts then it does...

Homework Statement How many grams of water could have its temperature raised by 1.13 °C by a mole of photons that have a wavelength of 510 nm? Homework Equations E=hf λf=c The Attempt at a Solution (3x10^8) / (510 x 10^-9) = 5.88 x 10^14 Hz multiply by Planck's constant...

Hello, I would like to ask why, when a surface is not polished, it reflects less. I understand that when the surface is not polished, microscopically it presents a lot of irregularities so that when the light strikes the surface it gets reflected in all directions and instead of getting...

Homework Statement A Koenig eyepiece with a focal length of 100mm is constructed in the following way: The first lens is made of 755276 glass which is 10 mm thick on axis. The radius of curvature of its left hand surface is -225mm, the radius of curvature of it right hand surface is 83.6...

First of all this is my first thread, so I apologize for any mistake. Perhaps this is a stupid question, but i need some help in exercise 21.10 of D'Inverno, to write down geodesic equation for l^a, which is a vector tangent to a congruence of null geodesics and then by a rescaling of l^a...

Homework Statement Hello! The question I'm looking to solve is asking me to "analytically evaluate the image" produced by a concave mirror (which I'm assuming is telling me to use matrix methods to find image position, though I'm not sure). I've come across matrix methods which give me the...

Homework Statement Explain the physical principle of total internal reflection used by optical cables. Calculate the critical angle of incidence that corresponds to a refracted angle θair = 90 Next, calculate the critical angle for a bare glass fiber submerged in water nH2O = 1.33...

Homework Statement A ray is deflected by 2.37cm by a piece of acrylic. Find the thickness t of the acrylic if the incident angle is 50.5 degrees. http://imgur.com/kx2VT5c Homework Equations n1sinΘ1 = n2sinΘ2 The Attempt at a Solution n of acrylic is 1.5. Therefore, the refracted...

I'm currently a chemistry major (senior), but I intend to go to graduate school for physics, so quantum optics lab would me more useful to me than materials chemistry lab. I emailed the physics counselor (since the class is restricted to physics majors) and she said that it would be to...

If a red light drops on a red object, we know that all of the red light is reflected, and none is absorbed. But what happens if a red light drops on a white surface, is all of the red light reflected, will the intensity of the reflected light be the same? Or will the reflected light be of a...

Homework Statement Visible light passes through a diffraction grating that has 900 slits per centimeter, and the interference pattern is observed on a screen that is 2.58m from the grating. In the first-order spectrum, maxima for two different wavelengths are separated on the screen by 3.16...

So I'm currently busy studying a Digital Micromirror Device which is used for top-hat beam generation. Programming the input pattern and error diffusion needed for optimal top-hat generation is heavily based on Fourier Optics. The problem however is: I don't know Fourier optics. I know this...

This is a problem from Boyd Nonlinear Optics chptr 1 problem 2. Homework Statement Numerical estimate of nonlinear optical quantities. A laser beam of frequency ω carrying 1 W of power is focused to a spot size of 30μm diameter in a crystal having a refractive index of n =2 and a second order...

Homework Statement I've been reading through Quantum Optics by Scully and Zubairy and have been stuck in section 6.2 getting from the definition of the atomic inversion given by equation (6.2.20, pg 199) W(t)=\sum_{n}\left[|c_{a,n}(t)|^2-|c_{b,n}(t)|^2\right] to the atomic inversion for the...

Hi all I'm trying to replicate the effect of a 45° Faraday rotator using a series of waveplates instead. I've encountered some difficulties using the jones matrix notation, due to the differencies of the matrix formulas between the books I'm referring to. The main book I'm using is...

What filters are to optics, could gas be to a laser?

If a neutrino beam passes through an optics lens in principle does the matter in the lens focus the neutrino beam granted it may be ridiculously small amount? If the lens were instead made of compressed matter of nuclear densities would the answer change much? Thanks for any help!

Hello, I'm studying basic nonlinear optics and I would like to solve a couple doubts about (basic) photon interaction. Let a monocromatic (of frequency ω) electromagnetic field propagate through a nonlinear medium and let the third(and higher)-order terms in the relation between the...

Homework Statement An incident unpolarised light beam of intensity I_{0} strikes glass plate B at Brewster's Angle. The reflected light travels vertically and strikes a second glass plate A, again at Brewster's Angle. (We ignore the light transmitted by the glass plates.) Plate A is then...

Homework Statement In this picture,the ray b and c are parallel.So why there are interference occur? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution

While reading about whispering gallery modes, I have learned that whispering gallery modes can be seen for "microscopic spheres or toruses" -Wikipedia- , But can they practically be observed in relatively large prisms or glass spheres (m or even cm magnitude) ?

Homework Statement A ray of light enters a glass block of refractive index n and thickness d with angle of incidence θ1. Part of the ray refracts at some angle θ2 such that Snell's law is obeyed, and the rest undergoes specular reflection. The refracted ray reflects off the bottom of the block...

Greetings, I have never formally studied optics, and am looking to do so. I have looked around a little bit, and I have the impression that there are not really any "go-to" textbooks on the subject that everyone uses. Does anyone have any recommendations for a good (classical) optics...

Why is the position of an image the intersection of 2+ rays?

Very basic optics questions: 1. So light is a type of radiation, due to which we see objects. Some objects, like a candle, are luminous and we can see them without another light source. Some other objects are non-luminous, and we need a light source to have light reflected upon them. How does...

Homework Statement *The diagram of the telescope is attached* Question states A telescope is constructed from five thin lenses of Diameter D and focal lengths 2F, F, F,F,2F located at x = 0,2F,4F,6F,8F Trace the path of a ray entering the system parallel to the optical axis The...

Hi everyone, I was thinking about an optics question in a physics textbook. I think the solutions I saw in the solution manual may be wrong. The question is: When you do the calculations using 1/p + 1/q = 1/f you find that the lens first creates an image 400 cm to the...

Hi, I'm an electrical engineering student starting research in nonlinear optics, and I'd like some good books to do with nonlinear optics. I'm looking for book similar in style to Nonlinear Optics by Robert Boyd as I really quite like that book. Other books I've gone through include Optical...

Homework Statement Show that if cosΦ is replaced by its third-degree Taylor polynomial in Equation 2, then Equation 1 becomes Equation 4 for third-order optics. [Hint: Use the first two terms in the binomial series for ℓ^{-1}_o and ℓ^{-1}_i. Also, use Φ ≈ sinΦ.] Homework Equations Sorry that...

Homework Statement In the photo (which I cannot post now, but it is a magnifying glass, and a dollar bill) the images through the lens appears twice the size and it is at a distance of 3.0cm from the lens of the magnifying glass. Determine focal length. Homework Equations 1. -di/do=m...

Homework Statement The other day in lecture my professor mentioned the words mode locking and phase matching (same as velocity matching apparently) while on the topics of lasers. However, i can't find anything that can provide a simple explanation of what they are. Is there anyone who would...

An infinity corrected microscope objective has a magnification of 100× for a tube lens with focal length 180 mm. The numerical aperture of the objective is 0.90. Calculate the the diffraction limited spatial resolution if the objective is used with red light (660 nm). (Ans.: f=1.8 mm; d=447...

Homework Statement Here is a worked problem: I don't see why they've used "m-1/2" instead of "m+1/2"?Homework Equations According to my textbook the radius of mth bright fringe is: ##x = ((m+\frac{1}{2})\lambda R)^{1/2}## Where R is the radius of curvature of the convex lens.The Attempt...

Hello I want to ask you about the split method used to solve the nonlinear schrodinger equation numerically I just want to know what are the results that I am expecting to get how many graphs ??

Homework Statement An 80 mm focal length thin lens is used to image an object with a magnification of -1/2. The lens diameter is 25 mm and a stop of diameter 20 mm is located 40 mm in front of the lens. How big is the unvignetted field of view [in terms of object size (in mm) and in terms of...

Hello all, I am considering applying for PhD programs in Physics/EE (specifically - Optics/Photonics). Considering pervasive posts about the dismal job market, I understand Optics/Photonics is more applied, and hence more sought-after in industry. However, what areas within Optics/Photonics...