The superposition theorem is a derived result of the superposition principle suited to the network analysis of electrical circuits. The superposition theorem states that for a linear system (notably including the subcategory of time-invariant linear systems) the response (voltage or current) in any branch of a bilateral linear circuit having more than one independent source equals the algebraic sum of the responses caused by each independent source acting alone, where all the other independent sources are replaced by their internal impedances.
To ascertain the contribution of each individual source, all of the other sources first must be "turned off" (set to zero) by:
Replacing all other independent voltage sources with a short circuit (thereby eliminating difference of potential i.e. V=0; internal impedance of ideal voltage source is zero (short circuit)).
Replacing all other independent current sources with an open circuit (thereby eliminating current i.e. I=0; internal impedance of ideal current source is infinite (open circuit)).This procedure is followed for each source in turn, then the resultant responses are added to determine the true operation of the circuit. The resultant circuit operation is the superposition of the various voltage and current sources.
The superposition theorem is very important in circuit analysis. It is used in converting any circuit into its Norton equivalent or Thevenin equivalent.
The theorem is applicable to linear networks (time varying or time invariant) consisting of independent sources, linear dependent sources, linear passive elements (resistors, inductors, capacitors) and linear transformers.
Superposition works for voltage and current but not power. In other words, the sum of the powers of each source with the other sources turned off is not the real consumed power. To calculate power we first use superposition to find both current and voltage of each linear element and then calculate the sum of the multiplied voltages and currents.
However, if the linear network is operating in steady-state and each external independent source has a different frequency, then superposition can be applied to compute the average power or active power. If at least two independent sources have the same frequency (for example in power systems, where many generators operate at 50 Hz or 60 Hz), then superposition can't be used to determine average power.
i have this question and i just want to make sure i am on the right track as i know there are quite a few steps to this to get to the final soultions
i need to find Current at r1
voltage at r1
current at r2
voltage at r2
i have so far split this into 2 drawings so i am dealing with one power...
My question is, if the determinism theorem is a good explanation, which covers all holes of the entanglement experiment. why are people still concluding its a 'spooky' superposition which is only determined by a measure and then somehow affects the other measurement.
What am I missing? Why is...
Hello! Consider this circuit
Now I want to calculate the current Ik. The values are given as follows;
Uq1 = 12 V
Uq2 = 18V
R1 = R2 = 8 Ohm
R3 = R4 = 20 Ohm
My approach was using the Superposition theorem. First I deactived Uq2 and left Uq1 active.
Now if I am not mistaken the resistors R2 R3...
I have tried many times to solve this network, but can't understand how to get current in each resistors by superposition theorem. Please help me to solve and find currents in each 3 resistors with solution.
Note:- The figure is attached below.
1. Homework Statement .
Figure 1 shows a 50 Ω load being fed from two voltage sources via their associated reactances. Determine the current i flowing in the load by:
(a) Thevenin's theorem
(b) Superposition
(c) Transforming the two voltage sources and their associated reactances into current...
I am wondering is someone could comment on a question I have recently answered. I have attached the question and my answer. Apologies for not following the standard procedure of Latex but there are drawings associated with this question. I answered section A and my results are written on the...
Homework Statement
Given the circuit of sinusoidal current (attachment1) with given data:
\underline{Z_3}=200(3-j4)\Omega,\underline{Z_4}=100(3+j20)\Omega,\underline{Z_5}=100(3+j4)\Omega,\underline{Z}=100(2+j5)\Omega,\underline{I_{g2}}=-10(2-j)mA.
After the switch is closed, the increment of...
This relates to a homework question which I have spent considerable time on and although I understand the concepts, the process of getting to the answer is difficult because of several different 'versions' of the right answer I see.
The relevant threads are...
Homework Statement
For the network of constant current shown in Figure 4 it is known that R1 = 50 Ω and , R = 10 Ω. When the switch P is
in the 1-position , current I = 50 mA and Ip = 70 mA known i . When the switch P is in
the 2-position , current I' = 40 mA and Ip' = 90 mA are known ...
Homework Statement
FIGURE 1 shows a 50 Ω load being fed from two voltage sources via their associated reactances. Determine the current i flowing in the load by:
Superposition Theorem
Homework Equations
[/B]The Attempt at a Solution :[/B]
see attached files as I can not write in itex and...
Hi fellow physicist!
I have some trouble with finding a valid argument, for why the superposition theorem should be fulfilled for electrical circuits - there only containing resistors, capacitors and inductors - where the sources of the emf. are connected in series.
Thanks in advance.
Homework Statement
Use the superposition principle to determine the value of Ix.
Homework Equations
I1+I2+I3=0 KCL
V1+V2+V3=0 KVL
Ix'+Ix''= answer
The Attempt at a Solution
So I understand how to get Ix' its just standard KVL it is -10+2Ix'+Ix'+2Ix'=0 which solving for Ix' gives 2A...
Homework Statement
A black box with three terminals, a, b and c, contains nothing but three resistors and connecting wire.
Show that no external measurement can distinguish between these two possible set-ups, known as Delta and Y:
http://i45.tinypic.com/mcd9gp.png
Is there any other...
Homework Statement
We have this circuit.
The problem states to find i, or the current through the 3 ohm resistor.
Homework Equations
V = IRThe Attempt at a Solution
I've started by shorting out both voltage sources and leaving only the current source in the circuit. I paralleled the 4ohm...
I have this assignment, basically I had to do the same thing in simplified way and then superposition theorem. Apparently the answers don't match. I'm pretty sure the mistake is in superposition theorem. It could be some really stupid and simple mistake I made since I'm no good at this at all...
why we take current source as a open and voltage source as a short in superposition theorem. is this is because of its internal resistance or any other reason exist?
Homework Statement
Homework Equations
Hi, I have the following superposition theorem problem to find the current in each branch of the network shown in the following figure:
The Attempt at a Solution
I have removed the voltage sources separately till now by short circuiting the other...
Homework Statement
Use the superposition theorem to find Vo in the circuitHomework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
i made 8A source 0 so the first equation using KVL becomes:
10i1 = -20
i1 = -2
then making the 20V source 0, the next KVL equation becomes:
i think it's 5i2-8 = 0
i2 = 8/5
i...
Homework Statement
Hi all
I have been struggling to find the right ans for the I(R1) in this circuit.
First i consider only the voltage source by opening the current source. As such i find that I'(R1) = (4-0.7)/1K = 3.3mA
Secondly i consider the current source by shorting the...
Just found this forum and found some great help here so far just reading some posts. But I am stuck on a question in my homework. I am asking you to help check my work and make sure I am going in the right direction. I missed my lecture due to illness and have to figure this out on my own. Thank...
Please solve this problem using Superpotion theorem
Homework Statement
‐ Calculate the voltage, current & power through Resistor R9.
‐ Test & Simulation results by using superposition theorem by using ECADtool.
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
I was working on this circuit.
http://img404.imageshack.us/img404/3537/imptm6.jpg
The problem asks to find the current through the R2 branch...
Heres my approach and questions...
Start from the opposite end of the circuit...combine the 2 parallel resistors R2 and R3...the V2 goes to...
1. Using the superposition theorem, calculate the the current in the right-most branch in the following circuit.
http://img329.imageshack.us/img329/1190/superpositionmp1.png
Attempt at solution. I basically followed the theorem, Both voltage sources in the circuit have the same polarity...