Ionic equation, question about how the answer is derived here?

[land_of_ice]

2HCL (aq) + Zn (s) ----->H2 (g) + ZnCl2 (aq)
Ionic equation
2H+ (aq) +2CL-(aq) +Zn (s) + Zn2+(aq) + +2CL-(aq)

above is the original equation and the next step is the ionic equation also above, why in the ionic equation don't they put charges on everything ? like the Zn, on the left side of the ionic equation part, the book has no charge on it ? Doesn't everything in the ionic equation get a charge?

one more question about this:
also, how did the Zn get a charge of 2+ on the right side then of the ionic equation?

 

[zhermes]

An ionic equation is a way of writing the equation focusing on the charged species ("ions"). That doesn't mean that everything in the equation has to have a charge.

What's really being written here, is the 'formal' charge of an atom---which is an "effective" charge. On the L.H.S. (left-hand side) the Zn is neutral---thus it has no charge. On the R.H.S. the Zn is no longer neutral---it lost 2 electrons to the hydrogen (which is missing from the R.H.S.). This is therefore a "redox" reactions (in which electrons are exchanged).