Solve Difficult Integral: ∫ex t-2 dt

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SUMMARY

The integral ∫e-x2 x-2 dt can be evaluated easily as e-x2 x-2 (t + C) if x is treated as a constant. However, if x is a function of t, the integral may become intractable depending on the specific function. The original confusion stemmed from a miswriting of the integral, which was initially presented as ∫ex t-2 dt, leading to several incorrect attempts at integration by parts.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of integration techniques, specifically integration by parts.
  • Familiarity with the concept of treating variables as constants in integrals.
  • Knowledge of the error function for evaluating certain integrals.
  • Basic differential equations concepts, particularly variation of parameters.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of integration by parts in greater depth.
  • Learn about the error function and its applications in integrals.
  • Explore the implications of treating variables as constants in integration.
  • Investigate the variation of parameters method in differential equations.
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Students in differential equations courses, particularly those tackling integration problems, as well as educators looking for examples of common mistakes in integral evaluation.

Prof. 27
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Homework Statement


Hi, I'm doing a variation of parameters problem for my differential equations class. It requires solving the integral:

∫ex t-2 dt

I am sure my professor did not give me an impossible integral and that there is some algebraic "trick" to solving it, but despite going through several iterations of integration by parts I am unable to find it (I have encountered similar problems before but my memory of them is fuzzy).

Homework Equations


None

The Attempt at a Solution


Several Integration by parts attempts. I looked for a cancellation.
 
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Prof. 27 said:

Homework Statement


Hi, I'm doing a variation of parameters problem for my differential equations class. It requires solving the integral:

∫ex t-2 dt

Both ##x## and ##t## in there?

I am sure my professor did not give me an impossible integral and that there is some algebraic "trick" to solving it, but despite going through several iterations of integration by parts I am unable to find it (I have encountered similar problems before but my memory of them is fuzzy).

Homework Equations


None

The Attempt at a Solution


Several Integration by parts attempts. I looked for a cancellation.

Please give us a statement of the original problem and your work so far. How do we know your integral is correct?
 
Prof. 27 said:

Homework Statement


Hi, I'm doing a variation of parameters problem for my differential equations class. It requires solving the integral:

∫ex t-2 dt

I am sure my professor did not give me an impossible integral and that there is some algebraic "trick" to solving it, but despite going through several iterations of integration by parts I am unable to find it (I have encountered similar problems before but my memory of them is fuzzy).

Homework Equations


None

The Attempt at a Solution


Several Integration by parts attempts. I looked for a cancellation.
If you have written the integral correctly, it's a very simple one to evaluate. Here ex can be treated as a constant.
 
Oh I'm so sorry! I mis-wrote the integral. It is:

∫e-x2 x-2 dt
 
Prof. 27 said:
Oh I'm so sorry! I mis-wrote the integral. It is:

∫e-x2 x-2 dt

If you mean ##\int e^{-x^2} x^{-2} \, dt##, that is easy: it is ##e^{-x^2} x^{-2} \int dt = e^{-x^2}x^{-2} (t+C)##. If you mean ##\int e^{-x^2}x^{-2} \, dx##, that is a different matter entirely. The integral is do-able in terms of the so-called error function.

On the other hand, if in the first form above the ##x## is a function of ##t##, the integral may be intractable for certain functions ##x = x(t)##.
 
Last edited:

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