Chain Definition and 939 Threads

Homework Statement Describe the construction of a Markov chain X0, X1, ... on Ω ∈ (0, 1) with state space S = {1, 2, ..., s} and S X S PTM P and initial state X0 ~ ν (probabilities distributed like vector ν). Use the sequence U0, U1, ... to generate the Xn's Homework Equations U0, U1 is a...

I am trying to derive the energy spectrum of a 1D chain of identical quantum oscillators from its Hamiltonian by Fourier transforming the position and momentum operator. I came across this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon#Quantum_treatment However, I am unsure of the mathematics...

I've been Dealing with a problem of perturbation of the movement of an infinite chain of harmonic oscillator and I tried to apply the von Zeippel-Poincare formalism of canonical perturbation theory just to see what I get. This was too naive since I quickly stumbled into the problem of defining...

Homework Statement Suppose $$z=x^2 sin(y), x=5t^2-5s^2, y=4st$$ Use the chain rule to find $$\frac{\partial z}{\partial s} \text{ and } \frac{\partial z}{\partial t}$$ Homework Equations $$\frac{\partial z}{\partial s} = \frac{\partial z}{\partial x} \frac{\partial x}{\partial s} +...

Homework Statement F(x) = (integral from 1 to x^3) (t^2 - 10)/(t + 1) dt Evaluate F'(x) Homework Equations Using the chain rule The Attempt at a Solution Let u = x^3 Then: [((x^3)^2 - 10) / (x^3 + 1)] ⋅ 3x^2 *step cancelling powers of x from fraction* = (x^3 - 10)(3x^2) = 3x^5 - 30x^2 I am...

Lets make a chain that would cover French Names. I will start with a French name and next person will answer the name which will start with the last letter of the name. I'll start with Abban.

While solving an equation, the lecturer was using substitution in this video: x=au was subbed in for Psi at timestamp 39:27 d/dx = (1/a)(d/du). I get that. But then the second derivative is stated as being d2/dx2 = (1/a2)(d2/du2) How is it (1/a2) if we do not know if there is an "a" in the...

Homework Statement The chain comprising three rings (each of mass ##0.25kg##) is suspended from a massless rope, and a pulling force ##\left(F=9N\right)## is exerted upwards on the rope. Picture: http://i.imgur.com/xeaiBsc.jpg?1. I need to find the values of all the unknowns. Homework...

$\tiny\text{Whitman 8.7.18 chain rule} $ $$\displaystyle I=\int { \left({t}^{3/2}+47\right)^3 \sqrt{t} } \ d{t} ={ \left({t}^{3/2}+{47}^{}\right)^4/6 } + C$$ $$\begin{align} \displaystyle u& = {t}^{3/2}+47& du&=\frac{3}{2}{t}^{1/2} \ d{t}& \\ \end{align}$$...

Consider a surface defined by the equation ##g(x, y, z)=0##. The intersection between this surface and the plane ##z=c## produces a curve that can be plotted on an x-y plane. Find the gradient of this curve. By chain rule, ##\frac{\partial y}{\partial x}=\frac{\partial y}{\partial...

Homework Statement To show that ##\rho(p',s)>\rho(p',s') => (\frac{\partial\rho}{\partial s})_p\frac{ds}{dz}<0## where ##p=p(z)##, ##p'=p(z+dz)##, ##s'=s(z+dz)##, ##s=s(z)## Homework Equations I have no idea how to approach this. I'm thinking functional derivatives, taylor expansions...

Is the chain rule below wrong? What I propose is as follows: Given that ##x_i=x_i(u_1, u_2, ..., u_m)##. If we define the function ##g## such that ##g(u_1, u_2, ..., u_m)=f(x_1, x_2, ..., x_n)##, then ##\frac{\partial g}{\partial u_j}=\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_i}\frac{\partial...

$$\tiny\text{Whitman 8.7.15 Chain Rule} $$ $$\displaystyle I=\int \frac{\sec^2\left({t}\right)}{\left(1+\tan\left({t}\right)\right)^2}\ d{t} =\frac{-1}{2\left(1+\tan\left({t}\right)\right)} + C$$ $\begin{align}\displaystyle u& = \tan\left({t}\right)& du&= \sec^2 \left({t}\right)\ d{t} \\...

If I have a chain suspended from a hook, such that gravity is pulling it downward, how does that gravitational force propagate through the chain? What would happen if the gravitational source suddenly disappeared? What would happen if the hook suddenly disappeared? What I'm interested in, is...

Let ##\vec{a}## be the gravitational acceleration along the curve. Then ##|\vec{a}|=a=-g\sin\theta## and ##\vec{a}=a_x\,\vec{i}+a_y\,\vec{j}=-g\sin\theta\cos\theta\,\vec{i}-g\sin^2\theta\,\vec{j}## My question is why does the solution below ignore the direction of ##\vec{a}## and calculate...

Hello people, I have a serious design problem for designing a sprocket-chain system. I want to know that can three sprockets as in picture (in attachment) can be rolled by a chain? The main concern is for middle sprocket it have few teeth above and few teeth in bottom connected to chain. The...

Imagine a right circular cone with smooth surface. The cone is stated such that its axis is parallel to the standard gravitational field g. And you have a piece a thin homogeneous chain. Then you connect the tips of the chain to obtain a loop. You put this loop on the cone: It is clear...

First of all, Thank you very much for you time if you're reading my question. I just want to know how things work (i guess all of us), and some guidance will be more than welcomed. One of the questions that i have in my mind is: Could the sound waves (e.g:a song or a sound) make some...

Suppose you have a parameterized muli-varied function of the from ##F[x(t),y(t),\dot{x}(t),\dot{y}(t)]## and asked to find ##\frac{dF}{dt}##, is this the correct expression according to chain rule? I am confused because of the derivative terms involved. ##\frac{dF}{dt}=\frac{\partial...

Homework Statement Power=P, rotation speed n1, rotation speed n2, chain center distance c, life = Lh All I need for this one is the formula for sprocket diameter. I have found calculators (https://www.rbracing-rsr.com/calcsprocketdiam.html) but no reference to the formula. Chain pitch and...

I'm wondering that is it possible? I mean, certain radioactive matter can undergo fission? Sure I know half-life and radioactive decay. This question is asked roughly. I just learn is it possible? Thank you for answers

Differentiate the following two problems. 1. x divided by the square root of x squared+ 1 2. The square root of x + 2 divided by the square root of x - 1 Thank you.

A one-dimensional polymer molecule (rubber) is chain of N links of the same length a, the links can go either forward or backward but always stay parallel to the x axis. If one denotes the coordinates of the joints are ${x_0, x_1, . . . , x_N}$ , then $|x_n − x_{n+1}| = a$. The energy of the...

while solving differential equations, I got a bit confused with chain rule problem. The solution says below yprime = z then y double prime = z (dz/dy) = z prime but I don't understand why the differentiation of z is in that form. Please help...

Homework Statement Suppose ω = g(u,v) is a differentiable function of u = x/y and v = z/y. Using the chain rule evaluate $$x \frac{\partial ω}{\partial x} + y \frac {\partial ω}{\partial y} + z \frac {\partial ω}{\partial z}$$ Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution u = f(x,y) v = h(y,z)...

Homework Statement I am trying to find an equation for a free hanging chain of mass m and length L. The chain is hanging vertically downwards where x is measured vertically upwards from the free end of the chain and y is measured horizontally. Homework Equations [/B] I derived this...

Can a Markov chain be used to generate a set of qubits given their initial state?

I'm trying to write a simple script in blender python in order to show load deflection in cloth simulation. My question is: Is it possible to translate the change of length (distance between two nodes), into a force? (Newton between those nodes)? In addition you will find a minimal example. The...

(df/dx) + (df/dy)* (dy/dx) = df(x,y)/dx My book mentions the chain rule to obtain the right side of the equation, but I don't see how. The chain rule has no mention of addition. The furthest I got was applying the chain rule to the right operant resulting in: df/dx + df/dx = 2(df/dx)

Homework Statement I and J are open subsets of the real line. The function f takes I to J, and the function g take J to R. The functions are in C1. Use the mean value theorem to prove the chain rule. Homework Equations (g o f)' (x) = g'(f (x)) f'(x) MVT The Attempt at a Solution [/B] I know...

I am reading Barrett O'Neil's book: Elementary Differential Geometry ... I need help to get started on Exercise 4(a) of Section 1.1 Euclidean Space ... Exercise 4 of Section 1.1 reads as follows:Can anyone help me to get started on Exercise 4(a) ... I would guess that we need the chain rule...

Homework Statement If d/dx(f(x)) = g(x) and d/dx(g(x)) = f(x2), then d2/dx2(f(x3)) = a) f(x6) b) g(x3) c) 3x2*g(x3) d) 9x4*f(x6) + 6x*g(x3) e) f(x6) + g(x3) Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution The answer is D. Since d/dx(f(x)) = g(x), I said that d/dx(f(x3)) should equal 3x2*g(x3), then...

Not sure if this is the correct place to post this. dy/dt = 0, find y(t) My professor told me that the chain rule is used to determine that (dy/dt)*dt = dy, but I just don't see it. Multiply both sides by dt. (dy/dt)*dt = 0dt (dy/dt)*dt = 0 dy = 0, then integrating both sides: y = C dy/dt is...

Homework Statement A student tries to raise a chain consisting of three identical links. Each link has a mass of 200 g. The three-piece chain is connected to light string and then suspended vertically, with the student holding the upper end of the string and pulling upward. Because of the...

Hi! I am struggling with this problem the last two days and I cannot decide which solution is correct. Homework Statement A cylinder of radius R is fixed horizontally on the floor. A uniform chain of mass M and length L (L<πR/2) is placed on the cylinder in such a way that one end of the...

Homework Statement Calculate the limit $$lim_{s,t→∞} R_X(s, s+t) = lim_{s,t→∞}E(X(s)X(s+t))$$ for a continuous time Markov chain $$(X(t) ; t ≥ 0)$$ with state space S and generator G given by $$S = (0, 1)$$ $$ G= \begin{pmatrix} -\alpha & \alpha \\ \beta & -\beta\...

I cannot find a website that answers this question, and all diagrams I see do not show that ATP is used. Does this mean that these processes are intrinsically spontaneous? I can see how the electron transport chain is spontaneous, as the oxidation of oxygen to water is favorable (E 1/2=0.7V).

Can we describe the intensity of spectral lines using Markov theory? No matter what is the initial state vector of the system, the final state will be reduced to a stationary vector whose elements represent the intensity of the spectral lines.

Here is a simple question : let f(g(x)) = h(x)*g(x). I want to calculate df/dx. If I use the product rule, I get g(x)h'(x) + h(x)g'x). Now if I use the composition/chain rule, I get df/dx = df/dg * dg/dx = h(x) * g'(x) which is different. I guess my df/dg = h is wrong, but I can't see what...

Homework Statement A 500-kg concrete slab is supported by a chain and sling attached to the bucket of the front-end loader shown. The action of the bucket is controlled by two identical mechanisms, only one of which is shown. Knowing that the mechanism shown supports half of the 500-kg slab...

Homework Statement Let X = {Xn : n ≥ 0} be an irreducible, aperiodic Markov chain with finite state space S, transition matrix P, and stationary distribution π. For x,y ∈ R|S|, define the inner product ⟨x,y⟩ = ∑i∈S xiyiπi, and let L2(π) = {x ∈ R|S| : ⟨x,x⟩ < ∞}. Show that X is time-reversible...

Homework Statement Find the equation of motion of a chain of atoms in 1D with alternating magnetic dipoles At stationary equilibrium the atoms of mass m are separated by d , all displacements are small compared to d Homework Equations U=μBx=2μ2(μ0/4π)(1/x^3) F(x)=-dU/dx The Attempt at a...

Hello, just as a thought, we are used to describe spin systems of either fermions or bosons (for example, the Ising or Heisenber models, where spins are considered to be all of the same type, in both cases fermions). However, I was wondering if it makes some sense to have a system where, for...

1. https://gyazo.com/a298396e34c32669755a5caffe82290e https://gyazo.com/a298396e34c32669755a5caffe82290e A small ball of mass m = 30 g hangs from the ceiling on a l = 50 cm long light rope. From the side a chain is attached, as seen on the picture. Whats the mass of the chain? Heres the part I...

Homework Statement The statement of the question is:A chain of uniform linear mass density ##\rho##, length ##b## and mass ##M## hands as shown in the figure below. At time t=0, the ends A and B are adjacent, but end B is released. Find the tension in the chain at point A after end B has...

F(r,s,t,v) = r^2 + sv + t^3, where: r = x^2 +y^2+z^2 /// s = xyz /// v = xe^y /// t = yz^2 find Fxx i have 2 solutions for this and i am not sure what is the right one the first solution finds Fx then uses formula : Fxx = Fxr.Rx + Fxs.Sx + Fxv.Vx+Fxt.Tx the 2nd solution find Fx then uses the...

during my reading of ender's game, there was a device that could split molecules and cause a chain reaction of destruction. this seems possible yet impossible to me. can such a weapon be created and if so what causes the reaction to be so destructive.

Hello! I would like to ask for your help with understanding a few things connected to the following problem: 1. Homework Statement There is an (infinitly) long thread, on which small beads can move without friction. The beads with mass m are lined up on the thread with a constant distance d...

Homework Statement We have a heavy chain with length of L and weight of m placed on a table. we take an end of it and move it with constant velocity of v upwards. so each moment it gets heavier. If the force needed for this uniform speed is called F, and length of chain which is higher than the...

I am reading Joseph J. Rotman's book: Advanced Modern Algebra (AMA) and I am currently focused on Section 7.1 Chain Conditions (for modules) ... I need some help in order to gain a full understanding of some remarks made in AMA on page 526 on modules in the context of chain conditions and...