What is Electric circuit: Definition and 199 Discussions

An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage sources, current sources, resistances, inductances, capacitances). An electrical circuit is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current. Linear electrical networks, a special type consisting only of sources (voltage or current), linear lumped elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors), and linear distributed elements (transmission lines), have the property that signals are linearly superimposable. They are thus more easily analyzed, using powerful frequency domain methods such as Laplace transforms, to determine DC response, AC response, and transient response.
A resistive circuit is a circuit containing only resistors and ideal current and voltage sources. Analysis of resistive circuits is less complicated than analysis of circuits containing capacitors and inductors. If the sources are constant (DC) sources, the result is a DC circuit. The effective resistance and current distribution properties of arbitrary resistor networks can be modeled in terms of their graph measures and geometrical properties.A network that contains active electronic components is known as an electronic circuit. Such networks are generally nonlinear and require more complex design and analysis tools.

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  1. H

    Find the current I in this electrical circuit

    Homework Statement Homework Equations V = I.R The Attempt at a Solution 6 ohm and 3 ohm are series = b Then b pararel to 9ohm = c = total resistance b = 9ohm c = 9/2 ohm I = V/R I = 9.6/c I = 2,13 A Can you help me? Is it right? My friend's answer is 0,8
  2. VSayantan

    Current through an Ammeter in an Electric Circuit

    Homework Statement [/B] It is required to find the current through the ammeter, marked A, in the above figure.Homework Equations ##V=iR##The Attempt at a Solution I've redrawn the circuit as follows - But don't know how to obtain the value ##i_3##
  3. R

    Using Kirchoff's Voltage Rule to find currents in a system

    Homework Statement Then solve these equations for i1-4 Homework Equations V=IR The Attempt at a Solution 80i_1-50i_2-30i_3 = -120 -50i_1+100i_2-10i_3-25i_4 = 0. -30i_1-10i_2+65i_3-20i_4 = 0. -25i_2-20i_3+100i_4 = 0. i_1=-4.18239492 i_2=-2.66455194 i_3=-2.71213323 i_4=-1.20856463...
  4. Harshna

    Engineering Find Currents I1 and I2 in an Electric Circuit

    Homework Statement I need to find the currents I1 and I2 in the attached image, but am having some difficulties grasping the concepts. I am given E(t) = 338sin(t) as well as values for R, L and C. I think I know what I need to use but I am not sure how to put it all together Homework Equations...
  5. S

    I Does chaos exist in circuits with linear elements?

    I have heard that chaos exists in all dynamical systems.Does this mean that chaos exists in circuits with linear elements too?Which software is best for analyzing chaos in electric circuits?
  6. B

    How do solar cells generate current from pn-junctions?

    Looking for a practical description. I have a feeling I am grossly misunderstanding something fundamental about electric circuits and apologize if my questions are confusing because of it. I have these two sources: acs hyperphysics My (probably naive) understanding of the process is as...
  7. F

    Calculate resistance if the switch is closed 2 battery with different voltage

    Homework Statement before that, can you tell me about "current flow in this circuit" if : A. the switch is open B. the switch is closed the Question is No. 1 Calculate the resistance of R if the value of the current I in the figure is 0.50 A. ( i think it is related to no 2) no 2. Calculate...
  8. T

    Gain of Electric Circuit: Vo/Vs and Resistance R

    Homework Statement So this problem is on Introduction to Electric Circuits 9th Edition (Richard C.Dorf) This asks me to express the gain of this circuit Vo/Vs by terms of the resistance of R. Homework Equations KCL, KVL, some ideal OP AMP characteristics... The Attempt at a Solution...
  9. R

    A Conductivity change of a tank (glass coating on steel)

    Suppose I have a tank which is made of steel coated with a thin layer of glass on the inside to protect the steel from corrosion (the material stored inside the tank is corrossive; say for arguments sake Water with 10% Hydochloric Acid). In theory, till the glass is intact there is an...
  10. I

    Finding current in an electric circuit

    Homework Statement A voltmeter of resistance 50kΩ is used to measure the electric potential difference in a circuit, as shown. The cell has an electromotive force (emf) of 5.0 V and negligible internal resistance. Homework Equations I=V/R V=IR The Attempt at a Solution I=5/150000 I=3.33E-5...
  11. E

    Engineering Validity of interconnection in electric circuit

    Homework Statement Homework Equations P=Vi The Attempt at a Solution For part a, it looks like the dependent current source (4i1) leads directly to i1, with nothing that could change it. This would mean the interconnection is invalid, right? I can't tell if this circuit is in series or in...
  12. Diglet

    Looking for an electric circuit diagram of pcb assembly treadmill drive

    Hi ! I am looking for a electric diagram of pcb assembly treadmill drive SERIAL:0004-03052. The name of the treadmill Quinton Clubtrack 510 plus . I have already found Service and User Manual for it but , there nothing specific in it...
  13. N

    Modeling an electric circuit by tracking individual charges

    Hello, Given a simple electric circuit like the one below (taken from Wikipedia) If we were to start from tracking all the forces acting on each individual free electron in the circuit, would it be possible to eventually find all the currents and voltages acting in the circuit? Probably a...
  14. A

    Question About Electric Circuit

    Homework Statement Please give me a clue, I don't understand, how to find the magnitude of ##I_{ab}##? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution
  15. N

    Do electrons have kinetic energy in an electrical circuit?

    I got a question towards kinetic energy and elektrical energy. They always talk about about particle accelerators or devices when talking about transformation of elektrical energy into kinetic energy of elektrons. But do elektrons also have kinetic energy when they are circulating in an...
  16. P

    Understanding Internal Resistance in Batteries

    A battery has an Emf 6 Volts. It is completely discharged. It is charged by maintaining a potential difference of 9 Volts across it. If the internal resistance of the discharged battery is 10 ohms, find the current through the battery, just after the connections are made. My textbook says that...
  17. G

    Power Supply 0-30V 2mA-3A Troubleshooting

    Hi! I'm trying to build a variable voltage DC regulated power supply that is 0-30v and 2mA-3A. The problem I'm having is that as soon as I plug it into get a reading on my multimeter it reads 34v, even if I try turning the pot it does not change. I've rewired the pots and made sure the...
  18. j3dwards

    Circuit settles to steady state and switch is opened

    Homework Statement The circuit consists of three identical light bulbs and two identical coils, connected to a DC current source. The ohmic resistance of the coils is negligible. The system is left to settle into a steady state and then the switch S is opened. Describe and explain in as much...
  19. J

    Electric Circuit using Kirchoff's rules

    Homework Statement We are given that R1 = 15.0 Ω, R2 = 10.0 Ω, and R3 = 8.00 Ω. What is the current and direction of the current through each resistor? Again, I have no idea how to do this, I got my answer from chegg, but I don't know if this is correct. Homework Equations V = IR[/B]The...
  20. A

    Find the equivalent resistance between AB

    Homework Statement Find the equivalent resistance between AB. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I could not find any Wheatstone bridge or series parallel combination. Should I use star delta transformation ? If yes, how exactly should I use it ?
  21. Julian102

    How to calculate the equivalent resistance using wye delta ?

    Homework Statement https://z-1-scontent-sin1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-xtf1/v/t34.0-12/12435980_942112312550457_1708451532_n.jpg?oh=b29a5e9b2ff96bbf0e11932d081eb25e&oe=568A9B79 [/B] We need to find the equivalent resistance along A to B ie AB Homework Equations R=(1/R1 + 1/R2+...+1/Rn)^-1 ...
  22. H

    Physics Olympiad question resistance and Electric circuit

    Homework Statement In the fig all resistors have resistance R. If pd of V is applied across AB. 1)What is the outcome of joining C and D 2)Whats is the pd across CO 3)what is the resistance across A and B 4)What is the resistance across AO Homework Equations V=IR 1/∑R=1/R1 +1/R2 The Attempt...
  23. H

    Physics Olympiad question Electric circuit

    Homework Statement In the Circuit(pic attached) the following resistor combination is found. All the resistrs in the figure has resistance R ohms. What is the total resistance across AB? Homework Equations V=IR 3. The attempt at a Solution between point A and B there is only one resistor so i...
  24. Gbox

    Grounded electric circuit analysis

    Homework Statement Find the voltage in A,B,C,D when the circuit is grounded at point A Homework Equations ##V=IR## ##\sum_{i=1}^{n}I_n=0## ##\sum_{i=1}^{n}v_n=0## The Attempt at a Solution I have managed to divide the current according to KCL, but I am not sure how should I approach...
  25. P

    Equivalent electric circuit

    Given an electric circuit, with resistors R1 and R2, find the equivalent resistance R. Data: R1 = √2.R2 Points M and N have the same electric potential so they can be connected with a conductor and this way we get the second circuit.
  26. W

    How do i interpret the following electric potential diagram?

    We recently started to learn about electricity in school and I'm trying to understand the concept of voltage(potential differance). From what i understand, electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive. The electrons at the negative terminal will have 1.5 J of potential energy per...
  27. G

    Help understanding the Voltage in a circuit.

    What is voltage in a circuit? We just started learning about electricity in my school. From what I understand; potential is potential energy per Coulomb and voltage means difference in potential. So, if you have a battery with 4 voltage and a wire connecting the poles of the battery, does that...
  28. H

    What keeps an electric circuit from stopping?

    I follow a high school Physics course which is the very opposite of rigorous: special relativity was put somewhere halfway the first year of the curriculum and we've been studying electricity twice now without ever really explaining definitions: things like potential differences were magical...
  29. genxium

    How does surface capacitive touchscreen work in detail?

    It's pretty easy to find the "working principle" of surface capacitive touchscreen like http://www.elotouch.com/Technologies/SurfaceCapacitive/howitworks.asp Roughly speaking, I know that A surface capacitive touchscreen has a conductive layer to which some electrodes are attached The...
  30. K

    Electric Circuit With An Electric Motor - Satellite Project

    I am a software engineering major, and I am having some trouble with an electric circuit in my satellite project. Basically I am trying to generate 1G on the inner surface of a cylinder with a radius of 0.03m, connected to an electric motor which has to rotate at about 173 rpm (to generate 1G...
  31. A

    Power dissipation in capacitor circuit

    Capacitor connected to a battery of certain internal resistance. If it is asked to calculate what is power dissipated as heat, Does -the voltage across capacitor X current through capacitor- gives heat dissipated or should we add heat dissipated in battery by considering its internal resistance.
  32. M

    What is R2 in a circuit with a capacitor and given voltage and current values?

    We know that - VM=VCl - R1=1000.0 Ω - IM=0 - VNa=61 mV - VK=-88 mV - VCl=-71 mV Question is: what is R2?I've written according to Kirchhoff's second law that (1) VM + VNa - R1INa = 0 and (2) VM - VK - R2IK = 0. We can also calculate that ICl=0. With these equations and according to Kirchhoff's...
  33. S

    Engineering Parallel Circuit Voltage Calculation: Solving for Voltages using Ohm's Law

    Homework Statement Solve the next circuit to find the voltages Homework Equations I=V/R GT=(1/R1)+(1/Rn) V=V1=V2=V3 The Attempt at a Solution My background is that I know that in a parallel circuit, the voltage for each component is the same and electric current it's equal to the sum of the...
  34. W

    Power Factor of an L-C-R curcuit

    Homework Statement A series L-C-R circuit Comprises of a 250mH coil, 0.01 MFD capacitor and a 5W resistor. A dependent voltage defined by e = 2.5cos(80000t) is applied across it. Determine the power factor. [/B] Homework Equations Power Factor = cos(x) = R/Z Z = sqrt^[R^2 + (XL - XC)^2] The...
  35. D

    How to make a delta function signal in a circuit?

    Basically I want to test my analog circuit using a forcing function that has a form of a delta function. The function generator I use outputs sine wave, triangular wave and square wave (+ve and -ve output in one period). Are there any ways to produce a square wave that has an output for like 5%...
  36. thegreengineer

    What does 0 V exactly mean in an electric circuit mean?

    I'm a mechatronics engineering student, and I know that electronics is a requirement in most engineering programs. I'm been dealing with electronics recently and I've been studying electric circuits. I've been noticing that in some of them instead of being closed (in diagrams) they are like...
  37. H

    Does a moving magnetic field generate a current?

    Hey! Not sure if this is a stupid question or not but I was wondering if a moving magnetic field could generate a current in a wire. I know that moving a wire through a magnetic field creates a current but what if you move around a magnet underneath a circular wire. Does that generate a current?
  38. burnst14

    Capacitor and Switch Potential Difference Calculations

    Homework Statement The switch is initially open and the capacitors are uncharged. The applied potential difference Vab = +210V. a.) What is the potential difference Vcd? b.) What is the potential difference across each capacitor when the switch is closed? c.) How much charge flowed through the...
  39. K

    Power in a simple electric circuit

    Homework Statement A circuit consists of a battery with internal resistance r and a resistor with resistance R. It has been found that the maximum power generated is when R=r. Prove that in those conditions ##P_{max}=\frac{ε^2}{4r}## Homework Equations Power invested in a resistor: P=i2R...
  40. P

    Potential difference across two points in a circuit

    Homework Statement [/B] Find the potential difference between points b and a in the circuit below I have already solved for the voltages of the two batteries (1 and 2) in the circuit (18 V and 7 V respectively) 2. Homework Equations Kirchhoff's Rules 1) Potential difference across any...
  41. Y

    Magnet/Electricity to rotate object 90 degrees?

    Hello, I want to create a motion using electricity, using the cheapest means possible (DIY). Basically I'm trying to rotate an object 90degrees when the current is on, and back to its original position when the current is off. The questions are: 1) Is this possible? 2) Can this be done using...
  42. G

    Engineering Basic Electric Circuit: Find v1 & v2

    Homework Statement Consider the circuit shown. Find the values of v1 and v2. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I tried using KVL on the left closed loop and got: $$v_{1} = 30 - 8i$$ I then used the current law between the two loops to get: $$ i_{1} - v_{1} / 7 = v_{2} / 2 - 3$$...
  43. arpon

    Understanding the Equivalence of Circuits: The Role of Total Resistance

    To prove the wye-delta transformation formula, it is said 'If the two circuits are to be equivalent, the total resistance between any two terminals must be the same.' But why ? I can't convince myself that it is sufficient condition for the equivalence of circuits.
  44. thegreengineer

    Electric circuits formulas doubts

    Well, recently I have started to deal with electronics and I've seen several new concepts such as ohm's law, parallel and series circuits, what's AC and DC and many other topics. Ok, I have no doubt on what's direct and alternate current or what a series and parallel circuits are; rather than...
  45. oreo

    Electric circuit and capacitance

    Does current pass when parallel plate capacitors are introduced in circuit?
  46. amrmohammed

    Completing an electric circuit with salt water

    Howdy! I would like to complete an electric circuit using salt water and two electrodes, however I don't want my electrodes to corrode or change the chemistry of the electrolyte (salt water), so I don't want electrolysis to take place. Is this possible? I read in a published paper that...
  47. M

    Analyzing an Electric Circuit: Finding Req with KVL and KCL

    Homework Statement [/B] http://imgur.com/Kq5e4Ka This is the circuit I need to find the Req for, the only things given are the Voltage of 7.1, and the resistance of each circuit. Homework Equations V=IR Kirchhoffs laws, the KVL and KCL.The Attempt at a Solution I have spent some time trying...
  48. O

    Power in electric circuit: apparent contradiction

    Hi, dear forum members! It is well known, that if one makes the current carrying wire more thicker, for example 3 times, that means the current goes up also 3 times. Microscopically that seems plausible, because, when we consider that a cross section is made of atoms, then it is apparent, that...
  49. K

    Electric circuit, current flowing due to battery

    1) I don't understand why current flows, for example when you have a source, it has 2 poles, + and -: then the electron should go towards +, if it's in the position 'D', it should just be stuck -- my theory is that because the electron that's in 'A' "enters the battery", so the battery has...
  50. S

    Help interpreting symbols of basic electric circuit

    Is asking for the voltage of a point in a wire (before/after a resister) the same as asking for the voltage across that resister? I understand voltage is relative.. Here is the circuit: I can't wrap my head around what V1 represents. Other questions in this assignment specifically ask...
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