Optics Definition and 999 Threads

Hi. A spherical wave ##e^{i(kr-\omega t)}## diverging from a single point ##(x=0,y=0,z=-z_0)## can be approximated as a parabolic wave in the paraxial case around the z-axis. I.e., ##k r = k \sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2} \simeq k (z +\frac{x^2+y^2}{2z})##. OK, then let's say a lens is placed such that its...

Hey, I was wondering, since for a convex lens the Fourier transform of a fields is in their real focus plane. Is it for a concave lens that the Fourier transform of a field is in the virtual focus plane? I can't find any book or paper that talks about how concave lenses work in terms of...

I am experimenting with a LiDAR system, one of my goals is to detect falling objects. The scanning frequency is 100Hz with an angular resolution of 1°. I have been able to detect an object if it is a certain size or greater moving horizontally but I'm not sure what I should focus on to make sure...

Hey, we are trying to couple the light of a 75 W Xe Arc Lamp (Hamamatsu L2194) into a 800um(0,8mm) diameter fiber bundle (7 fibers). Now we have 2 plano convex lenses (25mm diameter, 30mm EFL, edmund serial #45-364), the first for collimating the second for focusing onto the fiber. We are...

i want to prepare a project in applied optics but i am to confused about what topics should i select.

Homework Statement I've tried to attached the image of the diagram. If that isn't working please let me know.Height of incident marginal ray now 25. Assume a thin lens. Find: a. the effective focal length b. the power of the lens c. surface curvature for front and back surfaces (assume...

Homework Statement A shoplifter is spotted using a convex mirror, in which the image appears to be 22.0cm behind the mirror, which has a focal length of 24.0cm. HIs apparent height, in this image, is 14.0cm tall. A)How far away is the shoplifter from the mirror? B) How tall is the shoplifter...

Homework Statement There are three subquestions in this question, all marked bold. Let's consider a gradient index lens of thickness ##d##, whose refractive index changes with the distance from the axis with the following formula $$ n(r) = n_1 + a r^2 $$. Determine the lens's focal length...

Homework Statement You wish to obtain a magnification of -2 from a convex lens of focal length f. The only possible solution is to: A) place a virtual object at a distance 2f/3 from the lens. B) place a virtual object at a distance 5f/3 from the lens. C) place a real object at a distance...

Hi, i am in second year of university and doing optics I have a questions in one ofmy assignment : Fresnel diffraction is observed behind a wire 0.37 mm thick, which is placed 2 m from the light source and 3 m from the observation screen. If the light of wavelength 630 nm is used, find, using...

Homework Statement A)Find the final position of the image (from the object, I assume?) B)Find the size of the final image of the object. Homework Equations 1/f = 1/do + 1/di The Attempt at a Solution 1) Solved first distance: 1/5 - 1/4 = 1/di --> 4/20 - 5/20, di = -20cm 2) Use di1 for do...

Hey guys first time poster. I have written a 2D ray tracer in Mathematica. It's very basic, all it does is use Snell's law to trace ray refraction and very basic absorption. The set up is a central absorbing circle surrounded by circular lenses. The central circle is a perfect absorber, so if a...

Hey I don't understand why multipath disspersion doesn't occur still when monochromatic lights are directed at a fibre obtic. (For example sending dozens of infrared waves at the same time). Wouldn't they still overlap and perhaps superpose?

Hello! First of all I want to say that I am not a physicist, but an artist currently doing my master thesis. I have been trying to build a solar powered slide projector. It works very simple – I reflect sunlight through a slide and enlarge it with a lens. My problem was that I wanted more...

Homework Statement (56th Polish Olympiad in Physics, II stage) A photographer has a camera with a lens of focal ##f## with can be set to a value from the interval ##[f_{min}, f_{max}]##. The diameter of the diaphragm is ##d##. The photographer wants to make a photo of a friend so that the...

Hi, I'm working with a Digital Micro-mirror Device type SLM and my goal is to convert my laser from a gaussian to flat-head intensity profile. And then the tricky part is to make the beam oscillate up and down on the camera using just the SLM. Apparently I was to naive to think that moving my...

Homework Statement See the image I uploaded. Homework Equations Paraxial approximations The Attempt at a Solution I think the image is formed after the ocular, and I understand the system is afocal. The magnification is also less than 1, but the angular magnification is >1. What I am stuck...

Hi. As you guys know, an object-telecentric system (a system with constant magnification) has per definition an entrance pupil that is infinitely far away. One can construct such a system by taking a lens and placing an aperture stop (AS) at its focal point. My issue is that I am struggling to...

Hi, I am a first time poster and I am completely lost with this question. Any help would be greatly appreciated Filling the space between a contact lens and the cornea is a small quantity of liquid of refractive index of 1.336. Assuming the refractive index of the lens material is 1.490 find...

It is known that a magnifing glass can start a fire, but I don't fully understand the phenomenon and I have the next questions: - Does the effect depend on the shape and the material of the lens you use? - Where can I find some details about heat produced by light or particulary on this...

I can't seem to find the proof for the distance between the two parallel lines. Homework Equations : Snells law: μ1sinθ1=μ2sinθ2 Sin (A+B)= sinAcosB + sinBcosA[/B]The Attempt at a Solution : tried using the parallel lines to get a result in terms of the initial angle of incidence ϑ, as the...

Homework Statement At the aquarium where you work, a fish has gone missing in a 10.5m -deep, 9.45m -diameter cylindrical tank. You shine a flashlight in from the top edge of the tank, hoping to see if the missing fish is on the bottom. What’s the smallest angle your flashlight beam can make...

http://news.sciencemag.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumb_article_l/public/article_images/sn-gammarays.jpg?itok=vYTMw8My Researchers at Institut Laue–Langevin have found a way to bend gamma rays. Gamma ray lenses, which theory had suggested were impossible, could be made from heavy elements...

When I deduct the the general form of wave equation, I noticed it has a second order partial derivative form. I am wondering why wave equation has a second order partial derivative form nor a first order partial derivative form?

Homework Statement A thin converging lens made of glass (##n_g=1.55##) happens to have an inclusion of water (##n_w=1.33##) at the center. The lens surfaces have radii of curvature ##R_{out} = r_1=r_2=10m##, and the water inclusion has the shape of a diverging lens with radii of curvature...

Homework Statement A stone lies to the very edge at the bottom of a pool. The pool is filled with water to the top. The person standing three meters away from the pool is 1 meter tall and he can see exactly the half of the stone. Calculate the depth of the pool.Homework Equations Snell's law...

That is, take the virtual image as the object for a second lens?

I am learning sky wave propagation and in my book, a relation between refractive index, dielectric constant and electro field strength is given. \mu=\mu_0\sqrt{1-\frac{Ne^2}{\epsilon_0m\omega^2}} Is this a form of Kerr opto-electric effect? How do you get this expression? If you think I cannot...

Homework Statement [/B] A parallel quadratic slab of glass (n = 1.55 and thickness d = 2 cm, L = 21 cm) rests on a large slab of glass (n = 1.55). To prevent the optical contact weld forming between the two polished surfaces, a small teflon ball (D = 1 cm) is inserted between the slabs on one...

Homework Statement My final year project at university is to visualise the test section of a supersonic wind tunnel by schlieren method, though I'm having a bit of trouble setting it up. The light source I am using is a halogen bulb, in an old lamp housing, with a condenser on the end with a...

So I've searched all over the internet for an explanation as to why when light of a certain wavelength hits an object, it absorbs it or reflects it. The best answer I've found is some light is absorbed and turned into heat, some is absorbed and re-emitted in the same direction (transmitted) and...

Homework Statement A collimated beam from a white-light source is incident normally on a transmission grating with 500 lines per mm. The transmitted light then passes through a lens which is used to project the visible (380–780 nm) spectrum of the light source on to a strip of photographic film...

Homework Statement Given a "new type" of optical fiber (index of refraction n = 1.23), a laser beam is incident on the flat end of a straight fiber in air. Assume nair = 1.00. What is the maximum angle of incidence Ø1 if the beam is not to escape from the fiber? (See attached file for...

Homework Statement For your science fair project, you need to design a diffraction grating that will disperse the visible spectrum (400-700nm) over 30 degrees in first order. How many lines per mm does your grating need?Homework Equations sin(Θ) = mλ/d y = Ltan(Θ) I'm pretty sure the only...

Hello, I'm not sure whether this thread should be in a guidance section or here, but I think its more closely related to this area. As the title of the thread says, what are some current areas of research in Optics, if any? Thanks for any and all replies

Hi, I'm working on a project to determine the distance a pedestrian is away from a single digital camera but having never done optics before I'm struggling to find the right equation to use. I'd really appreciate any help! The method I am trying to use assumes you know the height of the camera...

hi guys ! i am currently in my 3rd year of my B.s in physics with a specialization in optics , but , i don't like optics at all , so i had this idea of taking a major in physics and minor in computer science. i would like to know if you think its a good combination . need some insights...

2015 is the International Year of Light and Taylor & Francis have a free online article collection. Find out more and read the articles here: http://explore.tandfonline.com/content/est/physics

I want to make fiber optics from seaweed or jelly.. It will be happen? Please give me the literature or journal.. Thank you very much for helping me.. :)

i just wanted to get this cleared that a beam falling on a diffraction grating with a shape gives the Fourier images of the grating object which can be reobtained by placing a biconvex lens that would converge the rays and form a focussed Fourier image at its focal length and the image of the...

I went through this article: http://users.df.uba.ar/sgil/physics_paper_doc/papers_phys/ondas_optics/caustica1.pdf But I think that when we do F=0, we are assuming the centre of the curve to be the origin and assuming the curve to be a circle, because only then will we be able to say that OP=ON...

Homework Statement According to my notes, if we have a sinusoidal aperture/transmission function of the form a(x)=1+sin(wx) and a 'top-hat' aperture function given by b(x)=1, -0.5d≤x≤0.5d, b(x)=0 otherwise, then their convolution should give a finite sinusoidal aperture function, i.e sinusoidal...

What happens if we keep the object at focus point of any lens system( like convex lens ,Plano convex lens etc) ? Does image forms at infinity? What is exact definition of focus point in optics?

Homework Statement First, thanks in advace. Let us consider a microscope where the objective L1 has f1=20mm and magnification 10x. In the image plane is located a diafragm M with diameter 19mm (see fig). The size of the CCD is 4,8mm (vertical) x 5,6mm (horizontal). 20mm before of the CCD...

In Feynman Lectures on Physics (you can find it online), chapter 33 of volume 1, the author derives Fresnel's formulas for the coefficient of reflection in an unusual way by making considerations about the different possible polarization of light. In this way he derives the squares of the...

Hi everyone. On these days, by watching solar panels and similar stuff, I just thought about it, and why they take such a wide surface to produce energy, and why their output is often low, as we all know. By navigating here on the internet, I've just seen a device called OPO (Optical...

A convex mirror has a focal length of 16cm. How far behind the mirror does the image of a person 3.0m away appear? I've tried using the equation 1/f = 1/do + 1/di The answer to the solution is -15cm but I'm not sure how to get there. I'm thinking that it might have something that deals with...

We have an advanced spectrometer in our geometrical optics lab! I'm seeking for any experiment in geometrical optics to include it!

Hi, I'm trying to solve the following problem: "What is the optical power (in dioptres) of a concave-convex eyeglass lens (n = 1.5) with the radiuses r1 = 12cm and r2 = 18cm?" The attempt at a solution: I'm usually solving such questions with the following equation: ## \dfrac{1}{f} =...

Supposed there is a tree on a perfectly flat plane. If an observer in front of that tree moves further and further away from the tree, the tree would look smaller and smaller. When the observer moves further and further away, would the lower part of the tree's trunk seem to disappear as if...