Vector field Definition and 382 Threads

Is a constant vector field like F = kj conservative? Since the work of F for any closed path is null it seems that F is conservative but for a force to be conservative two conditions must be satisfied: a) The force must be a function of the position. b) The circulation of force is zero. My...

Homework Statement Homework Equations $$F = \nabla \phi$$ The Attempt at a Solution Let's focus on determining why this vector field is conservative. The answer is the following: [/B] I get everything till it starts playing with the constant of integration once the straightforward...

Hello everybody. The Lagrangian for a massive vector field is: $$\mathcal{L} = -\frac{1}{4}F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu} + \frac{m^2}{2}A_\mu A^\mu$$ The equation of motion is ##\partial_\mu F^{\mu\nu}+m^2A^\nu = 0## Expanding the EOM with the definition of ##F^{\mu\nu}## the Klein-Gordon equation for...

Hi, I'm trying to find all the valid surfaces that go through a vector field so that the normal of the surface at any point is equal with the vector from the vector field at the same point. The vector field is defined by the function: $$ \hat N(p) = \hat L(p) \cos \theta + \hat R(p)...

In a recent thread, the following was posted regarding the "no hair" theorem for black holes: In the arxiv paper linked to, it says the following (p. 2, after Theorem 1.1): "Hawking has shown that in addition to the original, stationary, Killing field, which has to be tangent to the event...

Let us have some localized density of sources, S, in a plane, each of which produces a localized circular vector field. Let us work in polar coordinates. Let the density of sources, S = Aexp(-r^2/a^2) and let each source have circular vector field whose strength is given by exp(-(r-r_i)^2/b^2)...

Homework Statement For a vector field $$\begin{equation} X:=y\frac{\partial{}}{\partial{x}} + x\frac{\partial{}}{\partial{y}} \end{equation}$$ Find it's integral curves and the curve that intersects point $$p = \left(1, 0 \right).$$ Show that $$X(x,y)$$ is tangent to the family of curves: $$x^2...

Consider ##X## and ##Y## two vector fields on ##M ##. Fix ##x## a point in ##M## , and consider the integral curve of ##X## passing through ##x## . This integral curve is given by the local flow of ##X## , denoted ##\phi _ { t } ( p ) .## Now consider $$t \mapsto a _ { t } \left( \phi _ { t } (...

If I have a vector field say ## v = e^{z}(y\hat{i}+x\hat{j}) ##, and I want to calculate the divergence. Do I only take partial derivatives with respect to x and y (like so, ## \frac{\partial A_x}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial A_y}{\partial y} ##) or should I take partial derivatives with respect...

Hello I have a question if it possible, Let X a tangantial vector field of a riemannian manifolds M, and f a smooth function define on M. Is it true that X(exp-f)=-exp(-f).X(f) And div( exp(-f).X)=exp(-f)〈gradf, X〉+exp(-f)div(X)? Thank you

Homework Statement A vector field is pointed along the z-axis, v → = a/(x^2 + y^2)z . (a) Find the flux of the vector field through a rectangle in the xy-plane between a < x < b and c < y < d . (b) Do the same through a rectangle in the yz-plane between a < z < b and c < y < d . (Leave your...

How to draw the following vector field: F(r) = 1/(r^2) I know the shape of this vector field and how to draw a vector field in terms of x- and y-components, but I was wondering how to draw a vector field in terms of a vector r, as given above, without knowing its components. Any advice is much...

Homework Statement For a left invariant vector field γ(t) = exp(tv). For a gauge transformation t -> t(xμ). Intuitively, what happens to the LIVF in the latter case? Is it just displaced to a different point in spacetime or something else? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution

I am trying to improve my understanding of Lie groups and the operations of left multiplication and pushforward. I have been looking at these notes: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2527648/left-invariant-vector-fields-example...

Homework Statement Calculate the line integral ° v ⋅ dr along the curve y = x3 in the xy-plane when -1 ≤ x ≤ 2 and v = xy i + x2 j. Note: Sorry the integral sign doesn't seem to work it just makes a weird dot, looks like a degree sign, ∫.2. The attempt at a solution I have to write something...

<Moderator's note: Image substituted by text.> 1. Homework Statement Given the following vector field, $$ \dfrac{2(x-1)\,dy - 2(y+1)\,dx}{(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2} $$ how do I integrate : The integral over the curve x^4 + y^4 = 1 x^4 + y^4 = 11 x^4 + y^4 = 21 x^4 + y^4 = 31 Homework Equations...

Homework Statement I have to calculate the partial derivative of an arctan function. I have started to calculate it but I wonder if there is any simpler form, because if the simplest solution is this complex then it would make my further calculation pretty painful... Homework Equations $$\beta...

On Riemannian manifolds ##\mathcal{M}## the covariant derivative can be used for parallel transport by using the Levi-Civita connection. That is Let ##\gamma(s)## be a smooth curve, and ##l_0 \in T_p\mathcal{M}## the tangent vector at ##\gamma(s_0)=p##. Then we can parallel transport ##l_0##...

In p.244 of Carroll's "Spacetime and Geometry," the Killing horizon ##\Sigma## of a Killing vector ##\chi## is defined by a null hypersurface on which ##\chi## is null. Then it says this ##\chi## is in fact normal to ## \Sigma## since a null surface cannot have two linearly independent null...

1. Homework Statement Hi, I have done part a) by using the expression given for the lie derivative of a vector field and noting that if ##w## is a vector field then so is ##wf## and that was fine. In order to do part b) I need to use the expression given in the question but looking at a...

Homework Statement Consider the surface, S, in the xyz-space with the parametric representation: S: (, ) = [cos() , sin() , ] −1/2 ≤ ≤ 1/2 0 ≤ ≤ os(). The surface is placed in a fluid with the...

Homework Statement The velocity of a solid object rotating about an axis is a field \bar{v} (x,y,z) Show that \bar{\bigtriangledown }\times \bar{v} = 2\,\bar{\omega }, where \bar{\omega } is the angular velocity. Homework Equations 3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B] I tried to use the...

Homework Statement The stream function Ψ(x,y) = Asin(πnx)*sin(πmy) where m and n are consitive integers and A is a constant, describes circular flow in the region R = {(x,y): 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1 }. Graph several streamlines with A=10 and m=n=1 and describe the flow. Explain why the flow is confined to...

Homework Statement [/B] I would like to ask for Q5b function G & H Homework Equations answer: G: -2pi H: 0 by drawing the vector field The Attempt at a Solution the solution is like: by drawing the vector field, vector field of function G is always tangential to the circle in clockwise...

In general relativity we demand that the physical law can be stated as a form which does not depend on the choose of particular coordinate system, So the vector field is defined as a changing object following a regular pattern under the transformation of coordinates. For example, we can define...

Homework Statement I have been given a changing magnetic field in cylindrical coordinates. The equation is: \begin{equation} B(r,\phi,z) = - \frac {B_1} {2} r \hat{r} + (B_0 + B_1z)\hat{z} \end{equation} I need to be able to find the magnetic field as a function of x, y, and z. Homework...

Homework Statement Use Green's Theorem to find the area of the region between the x-axis and the curve parameterized by r(t)=<t-sin(t), 1-cos(t)>, 0 <= t <= 2pi Attached is a figure pertaining to the question Homework Equations [/B] The Attempt at a Solution Using the parameterized...

1. Problem: Consider vector field A##\left( \vec r \right) = \frac {\vec n} {(r^2+a^2)}## representing the electric field of a point charge, however, regularized by adding a in the denominator. Here ##\vec n = \frac {\vec r} r##. Calculate the divergence of this vector field. Show that in the...

I am looks at problems that use the line integrals ##\frac{i}{{2\pi }}\oint_C A ## over a closed loop to evaluate the Chern number ##\frac{i}{{2\pi }}\int_T F ## of a U(1) bundle on a torus . I am looking at two literatures, in the first one the torus is divided like this then the Chern number...

I'm learning Differential Geometry on my own for my research in ML/AI. I'm reading the book "Gauge fields, knots and gravity" by Baez and Muniain. An exercise asks to show that "if \phi:M\to N we can push forward a vector field v on M to obtain a vector field (\phi_*v)_q = \phi_*(v_p) whenever...

Homework Statement I attempted to solve the problem. I would like to know if my work/thought process or even answer is correct, and if not, what I can do to fix it. I am given: Calculate the divergence of the vector field : A=0.2R^(3)∅ sin^2(θ) (R hat+θ hat+ ∅ hat)Homework Equations [/B] The...

Hello! I am not sure I understand the idea of vector field on a manifold. The book I read is Geometry, Topology and Physics by Mikio Nakahara. The way this is defined there is: "If a vector is assigned smoothly to each point on M, it is called a vector field over M". Thinking about the 2D...

<Moderator's note: Moved from a technical forum and thus no template.> Calculate flux of the vector field $$F=(-y, x, z^2)$$ through the tetraeder $$T(ABCD)$$ with the corner points $$A= (\frac{3}{2}, 0, 0), B= (0, \frac{\sqrt 3}{2},0), C = (0, -\frac{\sqrt 3}{2},0), D = (\frac{1}{2},0 , \sqrt...

From my drawings it seems to be half of hemisphere. Am I right? How can I solve this task? Determine the flux of the vector field $$ f=(x,(z+y)e^x,-xz^2)^T$$ through the surface $Q(u,w)$, which is defined in the follwoing way: 1) the two boundaries are given by $$\delta...

Homework Statement Here are the three problems that i couldn't solve from the book Calculus volume 2 by apostol 10.9 Exercise 2. Find the amount of work done by the force f(x,y)=(x^2-y^2)i+2xyj in moving a particle (in a counter clockwise direction) once around the square bounded by the...

Let's assume the vector field is NOT a gradient field. Are there any restrictions on what the curl of this vector field can be? If so, how can I determine a given curl of a vector field can NEVER be a particular vector function?

Homework Statement F(x,y,z) = xzi Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution I just said that x = rcos(θ) so F(r,θ,z) = rcos(θ)z. Is this correct? Beaucse I am also asked to find curl of F in Cartesian coordinates and compare to curl of F in cylindrical coordinates. For Curl of F in...

I assume this is a simple summation of the normal components of the vector fields at the given points multiplied by dA which in this case would be 1/4. This is not being accepted as the correct answer. Not sure where I am going wrong. My textbook doesn't discuss estimating surface integrals...

A simple method to find the potential of a conservative vector field defined on a domain ##D## is to calculate the integral $$U(x,y,z)=\int_{\gamma} F \cdot ds$$ On a curve ##\gamma## that is made of segments parallel to the coordinate axes, that start from a chosen point ##(x_0,y_0,z_0)##. I...

Let's say we have a vector field that looks similar to this. Assume that the above image is of the x-y plane. The vector arrows circulate a central axis, you can think of them as tangents to circles. The field does not depend on the height z. The lengths of the arrows is a function of their...

Currently working through some exercises introducing myself to quantum field theory, however I'm completely lost with this problem. Let $$L$$ be a Lagrangian for for a real vector field $$A_\mu$$ with field strength $$F_{\mu\nu} = \partial_\mu A_\nu - \partial_\nu A_\mu$$ gauge parameter...

i was going through Gauss law and the chapter started with flux of a vector field.i understand it mathematically but not physically, i have been reading on the net and most common explanation is that it is the amt of "something"(anything) crossing a given surface.fine till here.then i read that...

Homework Statement when the normal vector n is oriented upward , why the dz/dx and dz/dy is negative ? shouldn't the k = positive , while the dz/dx and dz/dy is also positive? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution is the author wrong ? [/B]

Hi everybody, Let V(x) a vector field on a manifold ( R^2 in my case), i am looking for a condition on V(x) for which the function x^µ \rightarrow x^µ + V^µ(x) is a diffeomorphism. I read some document speaking about the flow, integral curve for ODE solving but i fail to find a generic...

For a flowing fluid with a constant velocity, will this field be described as conservative vector field? If it is a conservative field, what will be the potential of that field?

This is part of a larger question, but this is the part I am having difficulty with. I have had an attempt, but am not sure where I am making a mistake. Any help would be very, very appreciated. 1. Homework Statement Let C2 be the part of an ellipse with centre at (4,0), horizontal semi-axis...

I'm trying to do past exam papers in GR but there are some things I don't yet feel comfortable with, so even though I can do some parts of the question I would be very happy if you could check my solution. Thank you! 1. Homework Statement Spacetime is stationary := there exists a coord chart...

So I have found that everyone conservative vector field is irrotational in a previous problem. Based on the relationship irrotational vector fields and incompressible vector fields have, div(curl*F)=0, does that also imply every conservative vector field is incompressible? Kindly, Shawn

Homework Statement I am to prove (using the equations for gradient, divergence and curl in spherical polar coordinates) that vector field $$\mathbf{w}=w_{\psi}(r,\theta)\hat e_{\psi}$$ is solenoidal, find $$w_{\psi}(r,\theta)$$ when it's irrotational and find a potential in this case. Homework...

Fine the word done in moving a particle in the force field F=<2sin(x)cos(x), 0, 2z> along the path r=<t,t,t2>, 0≤t≤π To do the line integral, I need to find F(r(t)), but I don't understand how to express it. For example I looked at the online notes provided here...