# Black Holes Articles

There are two main ways black holes form: direct collapse or a dying star. Just after the moment of creation, energy was spread more or less uniformly through space, but some places were slightly denser than other. As things got jostled around, some of these areas got so dense that they collapsed into a primordial black hole. It’s thought that these probably were the anchors that created the galaxies. When a really really big star starts to finish it’s fuel and sputter out, it’s internal heat can’t keep gravity at bay anymore and as the star collapses in on itself, the core gets so dense it forms a black hole.

## Articles for: black holes

### Geodesic Congruences in FRW, Schwarzschild and Kerr Spacetimes

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Introduction The theory of geodesic congruences is extensively covered in many textbooks (see References); what follows in the introduction is a brief…

### Gaia and the Race to Detect More Gravitational Waves

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Gravitational waves (GW’s) are disturbances in spacetime produced by any massive object moving asymmetrically. However, only the most massive and most…

### Black Holes Are Not Empty Voids. A Black Hole at the Heart!

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Black Holes (BH’s) are curious because of their mysterious nature and unknown properties. BH’s are not empty voids. They are astronomical objects…

### What Are the Thermodynamics of Black Holes? A 5 Minute Introduction

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Definition/Summary The four laws of black hole thermodynamics are as follows...The Zeroth Law Surface gravity $(\kappa)$ is constant…

### Exploring the Math in Killing Fields and Black Holes

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Killing Vector Field The Killing vector field is a vector field on a differentiable manifold that preserves the metric over spacetime (from this I assume,…

### Black Holes and the Properties of In-Falling Radial Plungers

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From 'Exploring Black Holes' by John Wheeler and Edwin Taylor; can apply to any object falling radially towards a static spherical mass (where the mass…

### The Schwarzschild Geometry: Physically Reasonable?

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In the last article, we looked at various counterintuitive features of the Schwarzschild spacetime geometry, as illustrated in the Kruskal-Szekeres…

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### The Schwarzschild Geometry: Key Properties

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Not long after Einstein published his Field Equation, the first exact solution was found by Karl Schwarzschild. This solution is one of the…

### Do Black Holes Really Exist?

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The purpose of this article is to discuss the title question from several different viewpoints, in order to show that it isn't as simple as it looks. We…

### Is the Universe a Black Hole?

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In the early universe, the matter was gathered together at very high density, so why wasn't it a black hole?The first thing to understand is that the…

### Learn Time Dilation and Redshift for a Static Black Hole

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The following is an overview of the time dilation and gravitational redshift effects of a static (Schwarzschild) black hole. In accordance with general…

### Will All Matter Be Converted to Photons?

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FAQ: In the very distant future, will all matter be converted into black holes and then photons? No. There is a misconception that a lot of laypeople…