Derivatives Definition and 1000 Threads

I am reading "Multidimensional Real Analysis I: Differentiation" by J. J. Duistermaat and J. A. C. Kolk ... I am focused on Chapter 2: Differentiation ... ... I need help with an aspect of Example 2.2.5 ... ... Duistermaat and Kolk's Example 2.2.5 read as follows: In the above text by D&K we...

I am reading the book "Several Real Variables" by Shmuel Kantorovitz ... ... I am currently focused on Chapter 2: Derivation ... ... I need help with another element of the proof of Kantorovitz's Proposition on pages 61-62 ... Kantorovitz's Proposition on pages 61-62 reads as follows: In the...

I am reading the book "Several Real Variables" by Shmuel Kantorovitz ... ... I am currently focused on Chapter 2: Derivation ... ... I need help with an element of the proof of Kantorovitz's Proposition on pages 61-62 ... Kantorovitz's Proposition on pages 61-62 reads as follows: I am...

It´s not a technical question, is about why the classic mechanics and even quantum mechanics equations are first or second order? ¿Exist any model with up order derivates?

I was trying to Extrapolate Eulers formula , after deriing the basic form I wanted to prove: ∂F/∂y - d(∂F/∂yx)/dx +d[SUP]2[/SUP](∂F/∂yxx)/dx2 = 0 Here is my attempt but I get different answers: J(y) = ∫abF(x,yx,y,yxx)dx δ(ε) = J(y+εη(x)) y = yt+εη(x) ∂y/∂ε = η(x) ∂yx/∂ε = η⋅(x)...

Hi all. Suppose I have the ideal gas law $$P=\frac{RT}{v}$$If I'm asked about the partial derivative of P with respect to molar energy ##u##, I may think "derivative of P keeping other quantities (whatever those are) constant", so from the formula above I get $$\frac{\partial P}{\partial...

Could I please get help with the following question? f(x)=(2cos^2 x+3)^5/2 Any help would be very much appreciated:)

Hello! In my GR class we were introduced to the parallel transport as the way in which 2 tensors can be compared with each other at different points (and how one reaches the curvature tensor from here). I was wondering why can't one use Lie derivatives, instead of parallel transport. As far as I...

Hi, I am having some trouble with this problem. I have completed part a but I am stuck on part b and c. I used the quotient rule to try and find the first derivative, but I am unsure if I have done so correctly. This is my work for part b so far...

This is for research purposes. I am aware that first derivatives in thermodynamics always occur (a no-brainer). Do second derivatives occur in thermodynamics commonly as well?

Its a question about volume increase (in units cm^3) and height increase (cm) when pouring juice into a cup. Its stated that the volume of the juice in the cup increases at a constant rate, so I know the volume derivatives are zero. But the shape of the cup is inconsistent and there is a lot...

mod: moved from homework Does anyone know why and when this equation holds? I have searched online but cannot find the reason or the rules for the higher order derivatives.

Does anyone know why this is true?

So, I can't wrap around my head of why the Equation of the Tangent Line is: y = f(a) + f'(a)(x - a) I get it that it's the equation of a line, and so it should be something like y = mx + b. I also understand why f(a) = b (since it's a point in that line) and why f'(a) = m (since it's the slope)...

Homework Statement (a) Consider the line integral I = The integral of Fdr along the curve C i) Suppose that the length of the path C is L. What is the value of I if the vector field F is normal to C at every point of C? ii) What is the value of I if the vector field F is is a unit vector...

Homework Statement Only 15 Homework Equations First derivative=maxima/minima/vertical tangent/rising/falling Second derivative=points of inflection/concave upward-downward The Attempt at a Solution $$x=y^3+3y^2+3y+2~\rightarrow~1=3(y^2+2y+1)y'$$ $$y'=\frac{1}{3(y+1)^2}>0,~y\neq...

Hi there, I have just read that the gauge field term Fμν is proportional to the commutator of covariant derivatives [Dμ,Dν]. However, when I try to calculate this commatator, taking the symmetry group to be U(1), I get the following: \left[ { D }_{ \mu },{ D }_{ \nu } \right] =\left( {...

Hi, I really wonder how these second derivatives can be written in terms of christofflel symbols. I have made so many search but could not find on internet What is the derivation of equations related to second derivatives in attachment?

Homework Statement Homework Equations Newton's binomial's: ##(a+b)^n=C^0_n a^n+C^1_n a^{n-1}b+...+C^n_n b^n## The Attempt at a Solution I use induction and i try to prove for n+1, whilst the formula for n is given: $$\frac{d^{n+1}(uv)}{dx^{n+1}}=\frac{d}{dx}\frac{d^{n}(uv)}{dx^n}=$$ The...

I thought Differentiation is all about understanding it in a graph. Every time I solve a question on differentiation I visualise it as a graph so it's more logical. After all, that IS what the whole topic is about, right? Or am I just wrong? But when you look at these questions...

Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I tried to find the slope of the tangent line, but this gave me 3.66 and the answer is 3.8 how do I find this?

Homework Statement If ## z=x^2+2y^2 ##, find the following partial derivative: \Big(\frac{∂z}{∂\theta}\Big)_x Homework Equations ## x=r cos(\theta), ~y=r sin(\theta),~r^2=x^2+y^2,~\theta=tan^{-1}\frac{y}{x} ## The Attempt at a Solution I've been using Boas for self-study and been working on...

How does one solve a problem like this? Suppose we have $$(e_\theta + f(\theta)e_\varphi) (e_\theta + f(\theta)e_\varphi)$$ What is the result of the above operation? As I remember it from the theory of covariant derivatives, the above relation would look like this $$e_\theta[e_\theta] +...

If F = Fxi + Fyj +Fzk is a force field, do the following derivatives have physical significance and are they related to the components of the stress tensor? I notice they have the same dimensions as stress. ∂2Fx / ∂x2 ∂2Fx / ∂y2 ∂2Fx / ∂z2 ∂2Fx / ∂z ∂y ∂2Fx / ∂y ∂z ∂2Fx / ∂z ∂x ∂2Fx / ∂x...

Hi. If I have a function f ( x , t ) = x - 6t with x ( t ) = t2 and I take the partial derivative of f with respect to x I get the answer 1 as t acts as a constant so its derivative is zero. But if I substitute t with x1/2 I get the answer 1 - 3x-1/2 which is obviously different and wrong , I...

Hi, friends! Under particular conditions on ##\phi:\mathbb{R}^3\times\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}## - I think, as said here, that it is sufficient that ##\phi\in C_c^1(\mathbb{R}^4)##: please correct me if I am wrong - the following equality holds$$\frac{\partial}{\partial r_k}\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}...

Nearly every analysis reference I come across defines the derivative for functions on an open interval ##f:(a, b) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}##. I understand that, in constructing the definition of ##f## being differentiable on a point ##c##, we of course want it to first be a point it's domain, so...

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.07188.pdf Equation 5 in this paper states that $$\frac{\partial F}{\partial p_i} = 2Re\left\lbrace\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}\frac{\partial x}{\partial p_i}\right\rbrace$$ Here, p_i stands for the i'th element of a vector of 'design parameters' \mathbf{p}. These...

Homework Statement Evaluate the derivative of the following function: f(w)= cos(sin^(-1)2w) Homework Equations Chain Rule The Attempt at a Solution I did just as the chain rule says where F'(w)= -[2sin(sin^(-1)2w)]/[sqrt(1-4w^(2)) but the book gave the answer as F'(w)=(-4w)/sqrt(1-4w^(2))...

Homework Statement To show that ##K=V^uK_u## is conserved along an affinely parameterised geodesic with ##V^u## the tangent vector to some affinely parameterised geodesic and ##K_u## a killing vector field satisfying ##\nabla_a K_b+\nabla_b K_a=0## Homework Equations see above The Attempt at...

Its about functions with two or more variables ? How do you keep this x and y constant , i don't understand .

For implicit differentiation, is dy/dx of x2+y2 = 50 the same as y2 = 50 - x2 ? From what I can take it, it'd be a no since. For x2+y2 = 50, d/dx (x2+y2) = d/dx (50) --- will eventually be ---> dy/dx = -x/y Where, y2 = 50 - x2 y = sqrt(50 - x2) dy/dx = .5(-x2+50)-.5*(-2x)

Just a quick question - Is it true that the domain of ##f'(x)## will always be less than or equal to the domain of the original function, for any function, ##f(x)##?

I am having some trouble solving the problem shown below. Can anyone point me in the right direction? or provide the location of a worked example? The volume V of a cone of height h and base radius r is given by V=1/3 πr^2 h. The rate of change of its volume V due to stress expansions with...

Homework Statement This is my 'carrying out a practical investigation' assignment for Maths. I've attached the coursework (what I've wrote up to now) and my main concern is whether I've got the right differential equation to find 3 new velocity values throughout the pendulum trajectory...

Hi. I don't understand the meaning of "up to total derivatives". It was used during a lecture on superfluid. It says as follows: --------------------------------------------------------------------- Lagrangian for complex scalar field ##\phi## is $$ \mathcal{L}=\frac12 (\partial_\mu \phi)^*...

Homework Statement Show that ##\frac{\partial U}{\partial T}|_{N} = \frac{\partial U}{\partial T}|_{\mu} + \frac{\partial U}{\partial \mu}|_{T} \frac{\partial \mu}{\partial T}|_{N} ## (Pathria, 3rd Edition, pg. 197) Homework Equations ##U=TS + \mu N - pV## The Attempt at a Solution I tried to...

Homework Statement Okay, I'm going to "cheat" a bit and add two programs here, but I don't want to clutter the board by making two threads. Anyways, here goes: (1) The value of the sine of an angle, measured in rads, can be found using the following formula: sin(x) = x - x3/3! + x5/5! - ...

The final part of our visit to the Pantheon of Derivatives lists the most important theorems (my biase, of course) in the realm of derivatives: from the Implicit Function to Noether's Theorem. Continue reading ...

Lie Derivatives A Lie derivative is in general the differentiation of a tensor field along a vector field. This allows several applications since a tensor field includes a variety of instances, e.g. vectors, functions, or differential forms. In the case of vector fields, we additionally get a...

Some Topology Whereas the terminology of vector fields, trajectories, and flows almost by itself suggests its origins and physical relevance, the general treatment of vector fields, however, requires some abstractions. The following might appear to be purely mathematical constructions, and I...

As mentioned in the section on complex functions (The Pantheon of Derivatives - The Direction), the main parts of defining a differentiation process are a norm and a direction. So to extend the differentiation concepts on normed vector spaces seems to be the obvious thing to do. Continue...

I want to gather the various concepts in one place, to reveal the similarities between them, as they are often hidden by the serial nature of a curriculum. There are many terms and special cases, which deal with the process of differentiation. The basic idea, however, is the same in all cases...

I've been thinking about it since yesterday and have noticed this pattern: We have, the first order derivative of a function ##f(x)## is: $$f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} ...(1)$$ The second order derivative of the same function is: $$f''(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow...

Hi PF! Regarding derivatives, suppose we have some function ##f = y(t)x +x^2## where ##y## is an implicit function of ##t## and ##x## is independent of ##t##. Isn't the following true, regarding the difference between a partial and full derivative? $$ \frac{df}{dt} = \frac{\partial f}{\partial...

Derivatives in first year calculus Gateaux Derivatives Frechet Derivatives Covariant Derivatives Lie Derivatives Exterior Derivatives Material Derivatives So, I learn about Gateaux and Frechet when studying calculus of variations I learn about Covariant, Lie and Exterior when studying calculus...

Let's talk about the function ##f(x)=x^n##. It's derivative of ##k^{th}## order can be expressed by the formula: $$\frac{d^k}{dx^k}=\frac{n!}{(n-k)!}x^{n-k}$$ Similarly, the ##k^{th}## integral (integral operator applied ##k## times) can be expressed as: $$\frac{n!}{(n+k)!}x^{n+k}$$ According...

The average angle made by a curve ##f(x)## between ##x=a## and ##x=b## is: $$\alpha=\frac{\int_a^b\tan^{-1}{(f'(x))}}{b-a}$$ I don't think there should be any questions on that. Since ##f'(x)## is the value of ##\tan{\theta}## at every point, so ##tan^{-1}{(f'(x))}##, should be the angle made by...

Can the Taylor series be used to evaluate fractional-ordered derivative of any function? I got this from Wikipedia: $$\frac{d^a}{dx^a}x^k=\frac{\Gamma({k+1})}{\Gamma({k-a+1})}x^{k-a}$$ From this, we can compute fractional-ordered derivatives of a function of the form ##cx^k##, where ##c## and...

This is a somewhat vague question that stems from the entries in a directional cosine matrix and I believe the answer will either be much simpler or much more complicated than I expect. So consider the transformation of an arbitrary vector, v, in ℝ2 from one frame f = {x1 , x2} to a primed...