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Hybrid AI Video Codecs and Modern Streaming Techniques

Introduction AI and Hybrid Codecs Modern Video codecs are all based on similar principles. Recently, these have been complemented by AI techniques, such as super-resolution, to form hybrid codecs. The current state of the art is one of transition to have one based only on AI eventually: https://deeprender.ai/ Codecs using only AI are several years…

Sinc Function & Upsampling in Digital Audio Explained

Introduction This elaborates some of the claims in my insights article on digital audio. The Sinc Function Upsampling and Zero Insertion The first link in my insights article has a section on filters, but I will detail the most critical case. The bit depth is assumed to be so large for all practical purposes that…

Modern DACs, Dither, DXD & High-Res Audio Explained

Introduction First, we need some background in Digital Signals. This can be mathematically quite advanced, but since I would like this article to be accessible to as wide an audience as possible, here is a link that explains what is needed (not even Calculus is required): https://brianmcfee.net/dstbook-site/content/intro.html Shannon’s Sampling Theorem An important point not emphasized…

Differential Equation Systems and Nature

Abstract “Mathematics is the native language of nature.” is a phrase that is often used when it comes to explaining why mathematics is all around in natural sciences, especially in physics. What does that mean? A closer look shows us that it primarily means that we describe nature by differential equations, a lot of differential…

Why ChatGPT Is Unreliable: Design Limits and Misconceptions

ChatGPT’s reliability I’ll start with the simple fact: ChatGPT is not a reliable answerer to questions. Wolfram’s explanation To try to explain why from scratch would be a heavy lift, but fortunately, Stephen Wolfram has already done the heavy lifting for us in his article, “What is ChatGPT Doing… and Why Does It Work?” [1]…

Program ATmega8A with Arduino: Step-by-Step Guide

Introduction If you are interested in programming and electronics, you probably do not need an introduction to Arduino. If you want to make your Arduino projects permanent, then it is a good idea to use solo microcontrollers rather than Arduino boards in the final setup. While Arduino boards are great for prototyping, buying an Arduino…

P vs. NP and what is a Turing Machine (TM)?

P or NP This article deals with the complexity of calculations and in particular the meaning of ##P\stackrel{?}{\neq}NP## Before we explain what P and NP actually are, we have to solve a far bigger problem: What is a calculation? And how do we measure its complexity? Many people might answer, that a calculation is an…

Quantum Computing Explained: Qubits, Algorithms & Applications

Overview This article provides an accessible introduction to quantum computing, a cutting-edge technology that processes certain types of information much faster than conventional computers. Major companies like Google, Microsoft, IBM, and Intel are heavily investing in its development due to its potential to solve complex problems that are currently infeasible for classical computers, such as…

Parallel Programming on a CPU with AVX-512

This article is the second of a two-part series that presents two distinctly different approaches to parallel programming. In the two articles, I use different approaches to solve the same problem: finding the best-fitting line (or regression line) for a set of points. The two different approaches to parallel programming presented in this and the…

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