What is Multivariable calculus: Definition and 273 Discussions

For the first equation: ##f(tx, ty, tz)=f(u, v, w) ##, ##u=tx, v=ty, w=tz##,##k=f(u, v, w) #### t^{n}f_{x}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial u} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}## As the same calculation ##xf_{x}+yf_{y}+zf_{z}=[\frac{\partial f}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}...

i want to prove that if ##F:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}## is a differentiable function, then $$F(x)=F(a)+\sum_{i=1}^n(x^i-a^i)H_i(x)$$ where ##H_i(a)=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x^i}\bigg|_{x=a}##. the hint is that with the 1-dimensional case, convert the integral into one with limits from ##0## to...

This is not homework That passage is from James Stewart (Multivariable Calculus). I want to ask about the condition dx/dt > 0. If dx / dt < 0, the formula can't be used? Thanks

Let ##P(x,y)## be a multivariable polynomial equation given by $$P(x,y)=52+50x^{2}-20x(1+12y)+8y(31+61y)+(1+2y)(-120+124+488y)=0,$$ which is zero at ##q=\left(-1, -\frac{1}{2}\right)##. That is to say, $$ P(q)=P\left(-1, -\frac{1}{2}\right)=0.$$ My doubts relie on the multiplicity of this point...

In physics there is a notation ##\nabla_i U## to refer to the gradient of the scalar function ##U## with respect to the coordinates of the ##i##-th particle, or whatever the case may be. A question asks me to prove that $$\nabla_1U(\mathbf{r}_1- \mathbf{r}_2 )=-\nabla_2U(\mathbf{r}_1-...

Multivariable calculus is a branch of mathematics that extends the concepts of single-variable calculus to functions of multiple variables. In this subject, vectors and partial derivatives are introduced to represent and manipulate multi-dimensional data. The gradient of a function represents...

Mentor note: For LaTeX here at this site, don't use single $ characters -- they don't work at all. See our LaTeX tutorial from the link at the lower left corner of the input text pane. I have a function dependent on 4 variables ##f(r_1,r_2,q_1,q)##. I'm looking to minimize this function in the...

My Progress: I tried to perform the coordinate transformation by considering a general function ##f(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## and see how its derivatives with respect all variable ##(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## change: $$ \frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} f =...

This isn't a homework problem exactly but my attempt to derive a result given in a textbook for myself. Below is my attempt at a solution, typed up elsewhere with nice formatting so didn't want to redo it all. Direct image link here. Would greatly appreciate if anyone has any pointers.

Let's say we have a function ##M(f(x))## where ##M: \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2## is a multivariable linear function, and ##f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}^2## is a single variable function. Now I'm getting confused with evaluating the following second derivative of the function: $$ [M(f(x))]''...

Hello, To first clarify what I want to know : I read the answer proposed from the solution manual and I understand it. What I want to understand is how they came up with the solution, and if there is a way to get better at this. I have to show that, given a vector field ##F## such that ## F ...

##f_x=3*x^2+y## ##f_y=2*y+x## ##(3*(t^2)^2+e^{t-1})*2*t+(2*e^{t-1}+t^2)*e^{t-1}## Well, I am not sure how to evaluate it. I got a wrong result by multiplying by 0.1, i.e. ##((3*(t^2)^2+e^{t-1})*2*t+(2*e^{t-1}+t^2)*e^{t-1})*0.1## I guess it is trivial but I am lost. :(

I have a quick question. If a Vector is contained inside a plane, would the normal of the plane be orthogonal to said vector? Thank you!

I tried to use a Taylor series expanded at 3 and set to 3.01: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=27+++9+(-3+++x)^2+++(-3+++x)^3+++3+y^2+++y^3+++(-3+++x)+(27+++y^2)=3.01 I got the vector ## (\Delta x, \Delta y)= (0.37887, -0.54038)## It does give a desired result but it is marked as wrong...

Intersecting the graph of the surface z=f(x,y) with the yz -plane. This is the option I have chosen, but it's wrong. I don't understand why. x is fixed so I thought the coordinates: y and z are left. I thought this source may be helpful...

Part A) For part A I forgo breaking down the identity into it's component x, y, and z parts, and just take the r derivative treating r' as a constant vector. This seems to give the right answer, but to be entirely honest I'm not sure how I'd go about doing this component by component. I figure...

Hello everyone. I'm about to take Calc 3 next semester and am looking for a rigorous book to work with on multivariable calculus. I've gone through Spivak's "Calculus" from cover to cover and am hoping to find something with the same degree of rigor, if possible, and preferably with a solution...

In Griffith’s section 10.3.1, when proving why there is an extra factor in integrating over the charge density when it depends on the retarded time, he makes the argument that there can only ever be one point along the trajectory of the particle that “communicates” with the field point. Because...

I've been studying calculus A and B on and off over the last ten years, and I'm starting to learn calculus again for fun as soon as I can get my hands on a textbook. I was wondering if multivariable calc is as fun as A and B have been so far.

I know some multivariable calculus, I just want someone to walk me through the integration deriving the mass element dM and the integration of thin rings composing the hollow sphere. It would also be nice if you could show me doing it one way using the solid angle and one way without using the...

Hey, so I have the following problem: I'm trying to prove that the limit doesn't exist (although I'm not sure if it does or not) so: along y=mx -> x=y/m: , which is 0 for all k≠0. along y^n it's the same and I'm not sure what I should do next. Could I set x = sin(y)? If I can, then the limit...

If say we have a scalar function ##T(x,y,z)## (say the temperature in a room). then the rate at which T changes in a particular direction is given by the above equation) say You move in the ##Y##direction then ##T## does not change in the ##x## and ##z## directions hence ##dT = \frac{\partial...

Hi. I just finished the single variable part of Stewart's calculus book which helped me to master AP calculus. Now I am planning to move on to non-rigorous multivariable calculus. However, I have found reading his book a bit painful since the book mainly focuses on problem-solving techniques...

I have a question like this; I selected lambda as 4 (I actually don't know what it must be) and try to make clear to myself like these limits (1,2) and (2,4) is x and y locations I think :) If I find an answer for part one of the integral following, I would apply this on another: My...

The vector field F which is given by $$\mathbf{F} = \dfrac{(x, y)} {\sqrt {1-x^2-y^2}}$$ And the line integral $$ \int_{C} F \cdot dr $$C is the path of $$\dfrac{\ (\cos (t), \sin (t))}{ 1+ e^t}$$ , and $$0 ≤ t < \infty $$ How do I calculate this? Anyone got a tip/hint? many thanks

My work is in the following pdf file:

My try: ##\begin{align} \dfrac{d {r^2}}{d r} \dfrac{\partial r}{\partial p} = \dfrac{\partial {r^2}}{\partial p} \tag1\\ \dfrac{\partial r}{\partial p} = \dfrac{\partial {r^2}}{\partial p} \dfrac{1}{\dfrac{d r^2}{d r}}=\dfrac{p-a\cos\theta}{r} \tag2\\ \end{align}## By chain rule...

My attempt: According to the implicit function theorem as long as the determinant of the jacobian given by ∂(F,G)/∂(y,z) is not equal to 0, the parametrization is possible. ∂(F,G)/∂(y,z)=4yzMeaning that all points where z and y are not equal to 0 are possible parametrizations. My friend's...

The strategy here would probably be to find a differential equation that ##f## satisfies, but differentiating with respect to ##x## using Leibniz rule yields ##f'=\int_x^{2x} (-te^{-t^2x}) \ dt + \frac{2e^{-4x^3}-e^{-x^3}}{x}## Continuing to differentiate will yield the integral term again...

How would one tackle this using the definition? (i.e. for some function ff that f(x)=f(y)⟹x=yf(x)=f(y)⟹x=y implies an injection and y=f(x)y=f(x) for all yy in the codomain of ff for a surjection, provided such x∈Dx∈D exist.) One can solve the system of equations for x1x1 and x2x2 and that...

Consider a continuous charge distribution in volume ##V'##. Draw a closed surface ##S## inside the volume ##V'##. ___________________________________________________________________________ Consider the following multiple integral: ##\displaystyle B= \iint_S \Biggl( \iiint_{V'}...

If one approaches the origin from where ##x_2=0##, the terms ##x^2_1x_2+x^2_2x_3## in the denominator equal ##0##. Substituting ##|\textbf{x}|^2## for ##t## yields the expression ##\frac{e^t-1}{t}##, which has limit 1 as ##\textbf{x}\to\textbf{0}## and thus ##t\to0##. So the limit should be 1 if...

In Physics/Electrostatics textbook, I am in a situation where we have to find the electric field at a point inside the volume charge distribution. In Cartesian coordinates, we can't do it the usual way because of the integrand singularity. So we use the three dimensional improper integral...

I want to know that how can z=$$ \sqrt{1-x^2}$$ ever represent a surface? It graphs a curve in the x-z plane and the triangle lies in x-y plane so how can they contain a volume, they are orthogonal to each other. I have attached awn image which is drawn GeoGebra for the function...

Consider a one to one transformation of a ##3##-##D## volume from variable ##(x,y,z)## to ##(t,u,v)##: ##\iiint_V dx\ dy\ dz=\int_{v_1}^{v_2}\int_{u_1}^{u_2}\int_{t_1}^{t_2} \dfrac{\partial(x,y,z)}{\partial(t,u,v)} dt\ du\ dv## ##(1)## Now for a particular three dimensional volume, is it...

I want to show that the limit of the following exists or does not exist: When going along the path x=0 the limit will tend to 0 thus if the limit exists it will be approaching the value 0 when going along the path y=0, we get an equation with divisibility by zero. Since this is not possible...

Let: ##\displaystyle f=\int_{V'} \dfrac{x-x'}{|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{r'}|^3}\ dV'## where ##V'## is a finite volume in space ##\mathbf{r}=(x,y,z)## are coordinates of all space ##\mathbf{r'}=(x',y',z')## are coordinates of ##V'## ##|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{r'}|=[(x-x')^2+(y-y')^2+(z-z')^2]^{1/2}##...

Let: ##\nabla## denote dell operator with respect to field coordinate (origin) ##\nabla'## denote dell operator with respect to source coordinates The electric field at origin due to an electric dipole distribution in volume ##V## having boundary ##S## is: \begin{align} \int_V...

I'm confused with how Riemann sums work on double integrals. I know that ##L=\sum_{i,j}fm_{ij}A_{ij}## and ##U=\sum_{i,j}fM_{ij}A_{ij}## where ##m_{ij}## is the greatest lower bound and ##M_{ij}## is the least uper bound and ##A_{ij}## is the area of each partition. ##A_{ij}=\frac{1}{n^2}## for...

##\mathbf{M'}## is a vector field in volume ##V'## and ##P## be any point on the surface of ##V'## with position vector ##\mathbf {r}## Now by Gauss divergence theorem: \begin{align} \iiint_{V'} \left[ \nabla' . \left( \dfrac{\mathbf{M'}}{\left| \mathbf{r}-\mathbf{r'} \right|}...

Homework Statement Calculate |u+v+w|, knowing that u, v, and w are vectors in space such that |u|=√2, |v|=√3, u is perpendicular to v, w=u×v. Homework Equations |w|=|u×v|=|u|*|v|*sinΘ The Attempt at a Solution [/B] Θ=90° |w|=(√2)*(√3)*sin(90°)=√(6) Then I tried to use u={√2,0,0}...

Homework Statement Let a and b be non-zero vectors in space. Determine comp a (a × b). Homework Equations comp a (b) = (a ⋅ b)/|a| The Attempt at a Solution [/B] comp a (a × b) = a ⋅ (a × b)/|a| = (a × a) ⋅b/|a| = 0 ⋅ b/|a| = 0 Is this the answer? Or is there more to it?

I've been researching for the calculus behind geodesic domes, and specifically calculus related to parametric surfaces. I've found http://teachers.yale.edu/curriculum/viewer/new_haven_06.04.05_u#f, but unfortunately, it comes short of providing me the most needed information, and so far I...

Hi there all, I'm currently taking a course in Multivariable Calculus at my University and would appreciate any recommendations for a textbook to supplement the lectures with. Thus far the relevant material we've covered in a Single Variable course at around the level of Spivak and some Linear...

I am taking a high school multivariable calculus class and we have an end-of-semester project where we trace out some letters etc., except that they all have to be connected, continuous and differentiable everywhere. My group's chosen to do Euler's formula, but so far we are having problems...

Homework Statement Find the points on the surface xy^2z^3=2 that are closest to the origin Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution x,y,z=/= 0, as when x,y,z = 0 it is untrue. Right?? Otherwise, I am very unsure as to how to approach this problem. Should I be taking partial derivatives to...

How do I know where to put the axes for the equation 4x^2 - 9y^2 = z when graphing in 3d?

I have recently started studying multivariable calculus and I cannot quite visualise the concepts.Problem solving is not a problem but I want a true understanding of the concepts.Which book or online resources are great at developing visualisation in this course?

Homework Statement Compute the flux of a vector field ##\vec{v}## through the unit sphere, where $$ \vec{v} = 3xy i + x z^2 j + y^3 k $$ Homework Equations Gauss Law: $$ \int (\nabla \cdot \vec{B}) dV = \int \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{a}$$ The Attempt at a Solution Ok so after applying Gauss Law...

I am confused when I should use the ∂ notation and the d notation. For example, on http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcIII/ChainRule.aspx, in Case 1, the author wrote dz/dt while in Case 2, the author wrote ∂z/∂t. Could anyone please explain to me when I should use the ∂ notation and the...